Бесплатный фрагмент - English Language system in 4 puzzles

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Dedicated to my family

Elena Teninberg

A reeeeeally Short Guide.

English Grammar in 4 puzzles.

I will tell you only one thing: it took me a half of my life to organize everything in this way. At one point I dared to turn my hobby of studying English into vocation. I did CELTA at the International House of London not being a native speaker and without any special linguistic education. Then this system was tested on thousands of students becoming more and more developed.

Now, I am happy to introduce the system to you and wish you to reach your own goals by using English language as a second one.

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Dear friends

Thank you for reading this book.

I do not think I know all of you, so I would better introduce myself. I am Elena Teninberg, a creator of the system how to deal with English language as a system in the most effective way.

Initially I studied English Language more as a hobby and an opportunity to work in global business companies, such as General Electric etc. At first it was not that easy, so I guess I can clearly know all the difficulties that an every person faces while studying the language. In the end I managed to organize all the rules in a logical system to make it as easy as possible. Sometimes it did not correspond with the widely applied scientific rules and principals. In a few minutes you will be introduced to a new hand-made concept of English language as a system.

I will tell you only one thing: it took me a half of my life to organize everything in this way. At one point I dared to turn my hobby of studying English into vocation. I did CELTA at the International House of London not being a native speaker and without any special linguistic education. Then this system was tested on thousands of students becoming more and more developed.

Now, I am happy to introduce the system to you and wish you to reach your own goals by using English language as a second one.

Let’s get started

I have divided my talk into the following sections: I will start off with types of verbs, then move on to formats, look briefly at types of time and finely tenses.

1. TYPES OF VERBS

To begin with, I would like to examine in some detail types of verbs.

To describe an action in English Language it is necessary to apply two verbs at a time. One of them, Constructing verb, is not translated directly, but helps to form question, negative/ positive affirmative forms of sentences, as well it is used to change the time of sentences. The second one, Representative verb, describes an action itself. Only a combination of these two verbs can bring the message.

2. FORMATS

Now, I want to move on to formats. Formats are unique combinations of two verbs: Constructing and Representative verb. In other words there are two distinctive features to identify a format.

Each format brings the idea whether an action is completed or not by the time of speaking.

There are four well known formats: Continuous, Simple, Perfect Continuous and Perfect Simple. Let’s take a look at them in more detail in the model of present time.

The combination, well known as Continuous, is used to describe a process in its progress. It is formed by Constructing verb BE (AM/ IS / ARE) plus Representative verb in –ing form. It is used to apply to a process not necessarily happening at the moment of speaking, but at the present period of time.

When we say, “The horse is grazing in a meadow”, we watch the process and can’t know for sure what the horse is going to do in a 5-minute time.

Now, let’s examine the forms of sentences in Continuous format.

To make Question form we place Constructing verb be (is) before Subject (horse):

Is the horse grazing in a meadow?

To make Negative affirmative form we put NOT between Constructing verb be (is) and Representative verb in –ing form (grazing):

The horse is not grazing in a meadow.

To make Positive affirmative form we put all the words of a sentence in the order: Subject (hourse) + Constructing verb BE (IS), Representative verb in –ing form (grazing) and then it is applied Adverbial modifier (in a meadow):

The horse is grazing in a meadow.