Бесплатный фрагмент - 1—10-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2024. На базе материалов ФИПИ
Данный сборник тестов составлен на основе предварительных требований ФИПИ. Задания составлены на основании текстов, находящихся в свободном доступе в Интернете.
Таблица ответов размещена в конце сборника.
Скрипты для аудиозаданий.
Аудиофайлы в архиве.
Файл пересчёта в 100-бальную систему любого теста.
Файл оценки результатов 1—10 тестов.
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1. Внесены изменения в аудирование, письменную часть и устную части согласно рекомендациями ФИПИ. Иллюстрации цветные (в электронном варианте).
2. Ответы находятся в конце файла.
3. Добавлены методические рекомендации ФИПИ (Махмурян, Вербицкая, Трешина) для учителей, подготовленные на основе анализа типичных ошибок участников ЕГЭ 2023 года. В них даны подробные инструкции по оценке и сдаче экзамена в новом формате в 2024 году.
4. Ссылка на аудио — в конце сборника.
TEST 1
Раздел 1. Аудирование
1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1 I feel unhappy because I can’t change public attitude to our planet.
2 I would like to see new energy saving laws introduced.
3 I am afraid of the after-effects of human activities.
4 I am sure that wise attitude to basic earth supplies is necessary.
5 I do not want my family to live in polluted environment.
6 I am for the use of energy saving practices in house construction.
7 I find many simple ways to help our planet in everyday life.
Говорящий… A — B — C — D — E — F
Утверждение
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2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A Sally invited Bob to a concert with her.
B Sally believes all rock music is good.
C Bob doesn’t like jazz.
D Sally agrees to try to listen to some classical music.
E Bob often listens to classical music on his car radio.
F Bob is sure nothing will make him change his opinion about rock music.
G At the band’s last concert people were dressed in different kinds of clothes.
Утверждение … … ….. A — B — C — D — E — F — G
Соответствие диалогу
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Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3 What does Igor base his story of the Roman legionnaire on?
1) A lot of research.
2) Personal life stories.
3) Movies.
Ответ:
4 According to the author, he depicts how main historic figures of that time…
1) died.
2) tried to become rich and famous.
3) started wars.
Ответ:
5 What confirms probable residence of the Romans in China in the I century BC?
1) The Chinese chronicles.
2) Other authors’ books.
3) Professor Dubs and Harris’s publications.
Ответ:
6 The Roman Saga is about…
1) greed, glory, and battles.
2) love, hatred, and friendship.
3) both of the above-mentioned.
Ответ:
7 After beginning to write a book, Igor usually…
1) tries to collect all the necessary data.
2) find as many links to auxiliary materials as possible.
3) spend as little time as possible completing the book.
Ответ:
8 What were the main obstacles on the way to the readers?
1) poor plot.
2) high price.
3) large book size and number of characters.
Ответ:
9 According to Igor, what is a new service that can help new writers publish their works?
1) Print-on-demand
2) An account in social media
3) A personal website
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 1—9 не забудьте перенести ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 2. Чтение
10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. Necessary Components.
2. Important Conclusion.
3. Useful Advice.
4. Significant Difference.
5. Health Risks.
6. Moderation Is the Key!
7. Diet and Exercise
8. Benefits of Good Nutrition
A. Developing healthy eating habits is simpler and easier than you might think. You will look and feel better if you make a habit of eating healthfully. You will have more energy and your immune system will be stronger. When you eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables you are lowering your risk of heart disease, cancers and many other serious health ailments. Healthy eating habits are your ticket to a healthier body and mind.
B. A four-week clinical trial that tested the new regimen found that overweight adults who consumed a high-protein, entirely vegan diet were able to lose about the same amount of weight as a comparison group of dieters on a high-carbohydrate, low-fat vegetarian dairy diet. But while those on the high-carbohydrate dairy diet experienced drops of 12 percent in their cholesterol, those on the high-protein vegan diet saw cholesterol reductions of 20 percent.
C. «The idea preyed on me for a long time. If the Atkins Diet looks good, and it’s got so much saturated fat and cholesterol in it, suppose we took that out and put vegetarian protein sources in, which may lower cholesterol,» Dr. Jenkins said. «We know that nuts lower cholesterol and prevent heart disease, and soy is eaten in the Far East, where they don’t get much heart disease. So we put these foods together as protein and fat sources.»
D. The first official warning about the dangers of the Atkins diet was issued by the government amid concern about the rising number of people opting for the high-fat, high-protein diet. Cutting out starchy foods can be bad for your health because you could be missing out on a range of nutrients. Low-carbohydrate diets tend to be high in fat, and this could increase your chances of developing coronary heart disease.
E. Earlier this year, a large study that compared different kinds of diets — including low-fat and low-carbohydrate plans — found that the method didn’t matter as long as people cut calories. That study also found that after two years, most people had regained at least some of the weight they had lost. Dr. Tuttle said that while different weight loss plans offer people different «tricks’ and strategies, ultimately, «It really comes down to calories in and calories out.»
F. When you think about nutrition, be aware of serving sizes. Many people will eat everything on their plate, regardless of how hungry they actually are. If you know you tend to clean your plate, make an effort to reduce your serving size. If you’re eating out or dining at a friend’s house, don’t be shy about asking for smaller portion sizes. Too much of any one food is a bad thing. There are no bad foods, just bad eating habits.
G. Your body has to stay well hydrated to perform at its best and to properly process all the nutrients in the food you eat. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising. If you are trying to lose weight, add plenty of ice to each glass of water. Your body will burn energy to warm the water up to body temperature.
Ответ… A — B — C — D — E — F — G
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11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Stonehenge
Stonehenge is probably the most important prehistoric monument in Britain. The Stonehenge that we see today is the final stage ___ (A). But first let us look back 5,000 years.
The first Stonehenge was a large earthwork or Henge, comprising a ditch, bank, and the Aubrey holes, all probably built around 3100 BC. The Aubrey holes are round pits in the chalk, about one metre wide and deep, ___ (B). Excavations have revealed cremated human bones in some of the chalk filling, but the holes themselves were probably made not for the purpose of graves but as part of the religious ceremony. Shortly after this stage Stonehenge was abandoned, left untouched for over 1000 years.
The second and most dramatic stage of Stonehenge started around 2150 BC. Some 82 bluestones from south-west Wales were transported to the site. It is thought that these stones, some weighing 4 tonnes each, were dragged on rollers and sledges to the headwaters and then loaded onto rafts. This astonishing journey covered nearly 240 miles. Once at the site, these stones were set up in the centre ___ (C).
The third stage of Stonehenge, about 2000 BC, saw the arrival of the Sarsen stones. The largest of the Sarsen stones weigh 50 tonnes and transportation by water would have been impossible ___ (D). These stones were arranged in an outer circle with a continuous run of lintels. Inside the circle, five trilithons were placed in a horseshoe arrangement, ___ (E). The final stage took place soon after 1500 BC ___ (F). The original number of stones in the bluestone circle was probably around sixty. They have long since been removed or broken up. Some remain only as stumps below ground level.
1. when the bluestones were rearranged in the horseshoe and circle that we see today
2. to form an incomplete double circle
3. which form a circle about 284 feet in diameter
4. which were almost certainly brought from the Marlborough Downs
5. so the stones could only have been moved using sledges and ropes
6. whose remains we can still see today
7. that was completed about 3,500 years ago
Ответ… A — B — C — D — E — F
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Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Fear No More
Jonte faced playtime with mixed feelings. When the bell rang, the others would rush into the open air, laughing and chattering. He felt left out. Yet these were also times he enjoyed. He could daydream about how things might have been.
Sometimes, though, he would watch the play not directly, that would have been impossible but on the big screen in one of the classrooms. Cheering on his friends made him feel part of the action. Even through the screens, however, watching for long often made his eyes hurt. Sunlight reflected strongly off the silvery turf, and even more from the trees around the ground. Players in motion trailed flashes of light which left black spots in his vision.
It was during a tense game that the summons came through. The shelter Principal, no less, wanted him at once in his office. Jonte uttered a mild swearword, though realising that he had already been watching too long his head was aching. He made his way to the admin sector, signalled his arrival and went in. The Principal was behind his desk directly opposite the door. He was a small man, with metallic black hair cut short, silver-grey hands in constant fidgety motion and an expression of perpetual irritation. He waved in the direction of a chair placed in front of the desk.
But to Jonte’s surprise, there were several other people in the office. It was difficult at first to see them all clearly: not only had the effects of watching the match still to wear off, but the lighting was poor. Perhaps the Principal had only remembered at the last minute to close the heavy shutters and switch on a lamp.
As his vision returned, Jonte’s surprise grew. The six men and two women, who sat in a half circle to one side, judging by their job tags, were senior...very senior. Four were from the administration. The two women and the other two men seemed to be scientists from different research bodies.
Jonte was used to the fact that other people were inscrutable. He would have been able to tell from gazing in a mirror into his own eyes, with their blue irises surrounding dark pupils, how he was feeling, even if he hadn’t known yet. But other people’s eyes were silver discs, giving away nothing. He could sometimes see from the rest of their faces whether they were happy or sad, smiling or frowning; but their skin reflected the light, so that he could never be quite sure. From the way they were sitting, he thought, the visitors seemed anxious.
«Jonte’, the Principal said, «these people have a favour to ask, and I hope you can help them. Please sit down.» Jonte’s surprise grew. What possible favour could these people want from someone like him? «I’ll help if I can’, he said.
«You know,» the Principal went on, «that you have had to grow up here because going outside would be dangerous. Your body wouldn’t be able to withstand the radiation, even at night-time. Ordinary people are born with protection; but in your case…»
«So you see’, one of the women interjected quickly, «you are really a very interesting young man. We want you to let us get to know you better.»
«The people here,» the Principal resumed, «are from the government’s science and research council. They would like to take you to one of their centres in the south, where the facilities are supposed to be better than we can provide.»
«But I’m quite happy here,» Jonte felt he should say. «My friends.»
«… and in any case, ’the Principal insisted a trifle sourly, «you wouldn’t be able to stay much longer. The shelter is being closed down.»
Jonte took this in. «So when do I have to go?» he asked.
«If you can pack your things together quickly, ’one of the men replied, «we should like to move you this evening. Say, in an hour. Is that all right?»
An hour! The suddenness of it all puzzled Jonte. His condition had been known from the moment he had been born when his parents so he had been told had handed him over for special care. But it also excited him. Apart from a short journey when he had been much younger to a medical centre, he could not remember ever having left the shelter. He didn’t really have much to pack anyway.
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12. When his friends rushed into the open air during playtime, Jonte felt…
1) embarrased.
2) annoyed.
3) lonely.
4) bored.
Ответ:
13. When the summons came through, Jonte was…
1) glad that he was able to have a rest.
2) annoyed that he had to stop watching the game.
3) eager to know what had happened.
4) in a hurry.
Ответ:
14. The people in the Principal’s office were all…
1) of high rank.
2) very old.
3) researchers.
4) from the administration.
Ответ:
15. In paragraph 6 the word «inscrutable’ means…
1) not wishing to talk.
2) unhappy.
3) pretending to be kind.
4) showing no emotion or reaction.
Ответ:
16. Jonte had to grow up in the shelter because…
1) he was an orphan.
2) the world outside the shelter was dangerous.
3) his body was unable to withstand high temperature.
4) he would not manage to survive in the open air.
Ответ:
17. The people offered to take Jonte to one of their centres because
1) Jonte was not quite happy here.
2) it was well equipped.
3) the Principal didn’t want Jonte to stay in the shelter.
4) the shelter could not provide good education for Jonte.
Ответ:
18. Jonte was surprised because…
1) he had not known about his condition.
2) he had never left the shelter before.
3) he had to leave the shelter urgently.
4) he didn’t have much to pack.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—24.
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Crazy Bank Machine Pays £195 Jackpot
Police _______________ last night investigating The mystery of a mad money machine which handled out a jackpot payment to a weekend shopper. BE
Brewery worker Mr David Baker tapped out a request for £15 on a National Westminster Bank cash dispenser at Kingston and _____________ with about £195 in crisp fivers. REWARD
At their home his wife, Mrs Debora Baker, 30, said: «The money _________________ a big sum for us and he immediately handed it to the police.» BE
He ___________. ASTONISH
Some of the money obviously belonged to the lady who ______________ the machine before him. USE
A spokesman for National Westminster said: «Luckily there was a member of the staff nearby and the machine ________ off.» SWITCH
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Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25—29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.
25 Mount Vesuvius is a volcano in _______ Italy, near the shore of the Bay of Naples and the city of Naples. It is the only active volcano on the European mainland. SOUTH
26 An ________ mountain, rising from the plain of Campania has a base 50 km and is surrounded by two summits, of which the higher is the cone, IMPRESS
27 known as Vesuvius proper. ________, it does not look as majestic as its glory. NATURAL
28 On August 24 in the year AD 79, a great eruption of Mount Vesuvius began; the top of the mountain was blown off by an ___________ and the cities of Herculaneum and Pompeii were buried under a rain of ashes and mud. EXPLODE
29 The height of Mount Vesuvius is 1,277 m, while that of Monte Somma, the smaller summit, unattractive and ___________ is 1,132 m. REMARK
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Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30—36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30—36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Exiles
I can’t say I really feel at home anywhere. I was born in a city, but I hate cities. I love mountains, but I have 30_____________ lived in a mountain country: my home is a flat agricultural area in the south of England which I find boring. I don’t have much in 31 _____ with the local people there, and my way of life is very 32____________ from theirs, so I don’t feel that I am really part of the community.
Although I am English, in some ways I don’t feel English. I have spent time in various countries, and I can happily live abroad for a period. Not for ever, though. In the end I always begin to feel too foreign, and miss too many things. It is then that I realize that my 33_________ really are in England, even if I can’t say exactly where. I don’t have very 34_____________family ties, and I am not in contact with many of my relatives. My Canadian wife has a much stronger sense of family, which she has passed to our son. His home and his immediate family mean a great deal to him, and his extended family is very important to him as well.
He is very fond of all his 35 _____________, and likes to see them as often as he can. So perhaps the next generation will have more ties than I have. In some ways I hope so, but being rootless has advantage too. On balance, I am not sure that I would prefer to 36 _________ to one place, one community and one set of ideas.
30. 1) always 2) ever 3) never 4) usually
Ответ:
31. 1) familiar 2) general 3) relation 4) common
Ответ:
32. 1) different 2) various 3) contrary 4) unusually
Ответ:
33. 1) home 2) routes 3) place 4) roots
Ответ:
34. 1) strong 2) hardly 3) powerful 4) tough
Ответ:
35. 1) relationship 2) relations 3) ancestors 4) friends
Ответ:
36. 1) like 2) love 3) belong 4) choose
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 19—36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19—29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Раздел 4. Письменная речь
Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов №2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.
37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Ronny:
Write an email to Ronny.
In your message:
— answer his questions;
— ask 3 questions about his project.
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
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Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.
38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what teenagers spend their pocket money for in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).
Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
The opinion poll question:
What worries you most about your children?
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem that can arise with spending pocket money and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on importance of pocket money for teenagers.
***
38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on which companies young people would prefer working for in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results оf the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
The opinion poll question:
What companies would you prefer working for?
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem that one can face working for big companies and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of working for big companies.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Test 1. Устная часть
Task 1
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea. His initial voyage to India in 1497–1499 was the first to link Europe and Asia by an ocean route, connecting the Atlantic and the Indian oceans and, in this way, the West and the Orient. Traveling the ocean route allowed the Portuguese to avoid sailing across the highly disputed Mediterranean and traversing the dangerous Arabian Peninsula. Unopposed access to the Indian spice routes boosted the economy of the Portuguese Empire, which was previously based along northern and coastal West Africa. The spices obtained from Southeast Asia were primarily pepper and cinnamon at first, but soon included other products, all new to Europe. Portugal maintained a commercial monopoly of these commodities for several decades. It would be a century later before other European powers such as the Netherlands and England, followed by France and Denmark, were able to challenge Portugal’s monopoly and naval supremacy in the Cape Route.
Task 2
Study the advertisement.
You are considering visiting the zoo and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out about the following:
1) opening hours
2) entrance ticket price
3) if it is allowed to feed the animals
4) shows or special performances
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Task 3
Give full answers to the questions (2–3 sentences).
Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Typescript for Task 3
Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Educational Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss his school subjects. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.
Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s International English Language Association. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss sports. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.
Interviewer: How old are you and what school do you attend?
Student:____________________
Interviewer: How often do you have English lessons a week and how do you find them?
Student:____________________
Interviewer: What activities do you find the most efficient?
Student:____________________
Interviewer: What subjects of interest do you discuss during the classes?
Student:___________________
Interviewer: Why do you think it is important to speak English?
Student:_____________________
Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.
Task 4
Imagine that you and your friend are doing a school project «The Way of Sleeping». You have found some photos to illustrate it, but for technical reasons you cannot send them now. Leave a voice message to your friend explaining your choice of the photos and sharing some ideas about the project.
In 2.5 minutes, be ready to:
• explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
• mention the advantages (1–2) of the two types of sleeping;
• mention the disadvantages (1–2) of the two types of sleeping;
• express your opinion on the subject of the project — which way of sleeping you prefer and why.
You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.
TEST 2
Раздел 1. Аудирование
1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1 It’s another time to spend money.
2 Valentines make a big business.
3 Its traditions tend to fade.
4 It’s a traditional Valentine’s Day present and no one should spare money for it.
5 Even journalists need information about Valentine’s Day.
6 Writing Valentines has a very long history.
7 There’s always something against the Day.
Говорящий . . . A - B - C - D - E - F
***
Утверждение
2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A Mary has lost a lot of weight recently.
B Mary has changed some of her eating habits.
C Mary’s coach is a professional dietitian.
D Peter prefers having eggs for breakfast.
E Mary thinks her regime didn’t bring any results.
F Peter thinks it’s quite difficult for him to go to bed early.
G Peter is not going to the gym the next day.
Утверждение . . . . . . . . . . . A - B - C - D - E - F - G
Соответствие диалогу
***
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3 What’s the main role of English in India according to the speaker?
1) Connecting India with the rest of the world.
2) Enabling communication between the country’s peoples.
3) Serving as the language of Indian Mass Media.
Ответ:
4 Which of the following is TRUE about Indian English?
1) It’s similar to Australian English.
2) It exists only in local newspapers.
3) It has specific features in grammar as well as in vocabulary and phonetics.
Ответ:
5 What, according to the speaker, partly explains the specifics of Indian English?
1) Structure of local languages.
2) Indian history and culture.
3) Education traditions in India.
Ответ:
6 Which of the following is mentioned as a grammatical feature of Indian English?
1) Overuse of the definite article.
2) Use of a plural form of a certain word in relation to a single object.
3) Avoiding use of the progressive tense.
Ответ:
7 Which of the following phrases is used in Indian English for «How can I help you?»?
1) Hello, what do you want?
2) Tell me…
3) Where are you put up?
Ответ:
8 What does the speaker say about the language of Indian teenagers?
1) It consists of slang mostly.
2) It’s devised to confuse older people.
3) It makes Indian English more modern.
Ответ:
9 What’s the basic direction of changes in modern Indian English according to the speaker?
1) Simplification.
2) Purification.
3) Localization.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 1—9 не забудьте перенести ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 2. Чтение
10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.
Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. The first thing that a good speaker does is looks at the audience and takes a pause before beginning his speech. This helps to create a good impression on the audience. Throughout the speech, the speaker should maintain eye contact with the listeners, otherwise they will feel that they are being ignored and it is quite likely that they also ignore whatever he is trying to convey.
B. Proper variation in emotion and tempo of the voice improves the quality of performance. Accurate pronunciation of words with due stresses wherever required must be done. One more important thing while communicating is that your voice must be clear and loud enough for the audience to hear it. A loud voice can be a strong point for being an effective speaker.
C. Concentrate on your ideas and do not get distracted by the activities performed by the audience, for example, smiling or whispering. To make your communication successful get the clue about the listeners and their interests. Think over the age, sex and background of the people. See whether the audience is patient enough to handle you for hours. Check out if they are friendly or hostile.
D. Facial expressions reveal what thoughts are running through a person’s mind. So while communicating, make sure that your facial expressions reveal your interest for the subject on which you are communicating. The body movements while speaking must coordinate with your convincing power. They must add to the things which are more effectively caught visually than verbally.
E. If you are trying to improve your own communication, concentrate on ways to make your nonverbal signals match the level of formality necessitated by the situation. Some situations require more formal behaviour that might be interpreted very differently in any other setting. So when you are communicating with others, always take into account the situation in which the communication occurs.
F. Don’t be afraid to pause and breathe. Listeners need time to reflect on what you are saying. Just like we need «white space’ and punctuation on the written page, we need pauses when we speak. Talking non-stop is a huge drawback. Having the confidence to pause for a few seconds in between sentences commands attention rather than diverts it.
G. The appearance plays an important role in presenting ourselves to society. The people who wear clothes suitable to their body structure look attractive. A person’s physical appearance creates a definite impact on the communication process. Our clothes should not be too modern for the people whom we are interacting with. However, they should be able to create a positive impression on them.
Ответ… … ….. A — B — C — D — E — F — G
***
11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Satellite TV
Ever wonder ___ (A)? There’s actually quite a bit of science going on behind the scenes, with several components working together to bring you that digital quality signal.
Your channel selection begins with the programming sources themselves. Companies like Showtime, HBO or Cinemax create their programming. Channel providers then purchase rights to this programming ___ (B). Once a provider has their programming in place, they turn their attention to the broadcast centre to compress and convert the programming for satellite broadcast.
Your Dish Network Programming originally arrives as a digital stream of video, which is then compressed and converted through an encoder, typically using the MPEG2 format. This format reduces the overall size of the video, ___ (C).
Once encoded, the video is then encrypted ___ (D). After the video has been encrypted, it is sent to the provider’s satellite, strategically positioned in the sky.
The satellite itself uses a dish similar to your own satellite dish, to receive the video and send it back down to Earth. When the satellite sends the signal back down to Earth, it is picked up by your satellite dish, a small round antenna that receives the satellite’s broadcast and sends the video on to your satellite TV receiver.
The satellite TV receiver is that little black box that sits inside your home and allows you to choose ___ (E). The receiver actually performs several important functions in the satellite viewing process, including the decryption of the signal itself. If you remember, the satellite signal was scrambled by the provider to protect it from unpaying consumers. Your receiver «de-scrambles’ that signal and converts the signal into a format ___ (F). Together these amazing components create a vividly clear digital picture for over 200 satellite channels.
1. which channel you want to watch
2. including a power source and a computer system
3. so that the broadcast can only be viewed by paying subscribers
4. so that they can broadcast the shows via satellite
5. how your satellite TV system works
6. making it possible for a satellite to broadcast hundreds of channels at the same time
7. that your television can handle
Ответ… A — B — C — D — E — F
***
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Justice Hurts
At this time, William’s trial was nearing its end in the courthouse, and everything became clear. The jurors had grown tired over the course of the case but listened to the judge pronouncing William’s sentence. Things had clearly come to a sad end.
«…despite the lack of evidence of a premeditated murder, pursuant to Paragraph 210 of Part 2 of the USA’s Criminal Code, even the unintentional loss of a person’s life during a robbery, rape, arson, kidnapping or escape from custody must be considered in any case as an extreme indifference to the value of human life, and must be qualified as a first-degree murder. Therefore, the court pronounces a sentence of two life sentences for each murder and the verdict comes into force from the moment of this announcement.»
There were no further comments from anyone. It wasn’t a death sentence. They let him him live. Everyone in the court room looked round in surprise, not daring to express any emotions. William even looked up at the judge, trying to understand what had just happened, but he didn’t succeed. His head was empty and he couldn’t think straight; William’s mind was already dead and a life sentence was no different for him than death, so all the way back to prison he rolled in the back of the van in a complete daze.
In the cell, its narrow walls seemed to shrink even more, as William’s eyes reacted to changes in lighting and in the darkness, his mind wandered to a darker place as he thought the depths of a grave probably looked the same.
William stood inside the cell, hearing the door lock, and he couldn’t take any step forward. He forced himself to look around at the walls and think carefully. He had to talk to his friend Tom again. He approached the door and called a guard over, telling him the request. The guard didn’t answer, leaving William alone with the silence, and the waiting game began. The next morning, he was informed about his impending transfer to another prison, and in the afternoon, the door to William’s cell suddenly opened, and he was informed of a visitor.
«Thomas?», William asked, sitting up.
«What?» the guard asked.
«Is it Thomas Wilson, the detective officer?»
«No,» the guard responded coldly.
«The lawyer?» asked William, less enthusiastic than before.
«No. Turn around and face the wall with your arms stretched out,» it was an order, not a question.
The walk down from the third floor felt like an eternity for William. When he finally reached the glass screen in the visitation room, he couldn’t believe his eyes. The small reporter, Linda Wu, sat in front of him on a wooden chair, holding her purse.
«Hold it,» a voice was heard from behind William and the guard handed him a book. William saw that this book wasn’t in the best condition and had many torn pages and looked crumpled.
«I was asked to give this to you,» Linda said from behind the glass, weakly.
«What? Who gave it you?» William was at a loss as to who’d sent him the book. It had an unassuming and uninteresting cover — it was some kind of romance.
«There, take a look inside,» Linda replied. «I was told that you were looking forward to seeing this photo,» she said, trying to smile, but her face instead showed sadness and sympathy for William’s situation.
«A photograph?» William muttered, taking an envelope from the middle of the book. Surely, this must’ve been scanned before it had got to him to make sure it wasn’t contraband. He opened the envelope to find a Polaroid photograph of a little girl wearing a white raincoat and beret. She stood on the embankment near a large bridge and squinted in the sun, very much like his own daughter. «This looks like Sofia!» he thought, before realizing what had actually happened in the courthouse. It was worse than the life sentences he’d been ordered to serve — William had to live with the thought that Sofia had a daughter and that she lived with someone else.
William clenched his fists and looked up at Linda behind the glass.
«Are you alright? What’s wrong?» she asked.
«This is Sofia’s daughter, I’m certain of it,» William said approaching the glass. «She stayed with that person who’s behind all this, see?» he stopped and realised that the only person that could help was sitting right in front of him. «Linda, listen to me,» he whispered. «Can you find Thomas Wilson for me? My partner, the detective officer… He’s been transferred to the Phoenix’s office; can you find him and tell him I’ve remembered something?»
Suddenly, Linda pursed her lips, her eyes sparkling. She removed her mask and took out a napkin to wipe her nose.
«I’m sorry, I wanted to make you feel better. I’m so sorry. I’ve got a lot of time, though, now, as I’ve got no job, the channel is closed. I think I might be able to move to Phoenix and find work, although it might be difficult.»
«Really?» William couldn’t believe what he’d just heard. «Then, I beg you, write down what I’ve asked you… shit, there isn’t a pen and paper. Okay, try and remember what I’ve asked you and write it down, when you get out of here. Contact Jimmy Huston in the police office, he should tell you where Tom is now.»
«I will, don’t worry,» Linda said with a reassuring tone.
«So, listen. When I entered the hotel room, Fred Brown called me «Dannie’. Let Tom find everyone with this name in the cases I’ve investigated. I’m certain that this «Danny’ must’ve lived here in the city. This man is close to the real killer and he must be found — he’s very important. I’m certain that my granddaughter is with him. Please tell Tom about this, and stop crying. I’ve got two life sentences to serve. Thanks for coming Linda, it’s not for nothing, I’m certain. Yes, justice hurts, but I’ll await your return.»
(Adapted from Justice Hurts by Igor Yevtishenkov)
12 The judge pronounces a sentence that is equal to…
1) fifty years in jail.
2) death sentence in the electric chair.
3) three life sentences
4) death from old age.
Ответ:
13 How does William feel about the sentence?
1) he is indifferent.
2) he is furious.
3) he is going to appeal it.
4) he is outraged by injustice.
Ответ:
14 The next afternoon after the court, William was informed of…
1) his impending transfer to another prison.
2) his friend coming the previous day.
3) a visitor waiting for him.
4) a visit of his lawyer.
Ответ:
15 As William saw the person behind the glass screen…
1) he rushed forward.
2) he was surprised.
3) he screamed in surprise.
4) he asked to take him back to the cell
Ответ:
16 The visitor gave him…
1) a photo in a book.
2) a picture in a frame.
3) an envelope.
4) a photocopy of the photo.
Ответ:
17 Vanessa is most likely to…
1) quit her job in Phoenix soon.
2) move to Washington.
3) help her mother.
4) help William.
Ответ:
18 William says that justice hurts, and…
1) hopes for the better.
2) resigns himself to his fate.
3) is preparing to return to the cell.
4) returns to the cell.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—24.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25—29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.
***
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30—36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30—36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Life Changes
When Andrew Garter was offered the position of Senior European Sales Manager in a large, successful multinational corporation, he 30……………… at the chance. One of the main reasons for his immediate acceptance was the opportunity for a large amount of foreign travel. He could see himself relaxing in a cafe by the Seine after a hard day’s business, before jetting 31 ___________ to an important meeting the next morning in Prague. How romantic it all seemed.
And yet now, only eight months after his first day in the job, how different his emotions were. For Andrew Carter was experiencing what many international business travellers had experienced before him, and will experience for years to come, that a life 32 ___________ on planes and in hotels is lonely, dull and exhausting.
He longed to be back at home, and dreamt of the simple pleasures of having someone to watch television with, of being asked how his day was. As he lay on the bed in his luxurious, yet strangely soulless hotel room, he 33 ___________ the empty evening ahead of him. «What’s the 34 ___________,» he asked himself, as he had done so many times, ’of going out this evening?
I won’t talk to anyone. I won’t have anyone to enjoy it with. Every city’s the same when you’re alone.» Not wanting to sit alone at a table in the hotel restaurant, he decided to have his evening meal delivered to his room by room service. Leafing through the menu, Andrew was struck by another desire — for some simple, home-cooked food. He sighed.
And then he thought the unthinkable. «I don’t have to 35 ___________ on like this,» he said out loud. «I’m still young. My whole life’s ahead of me. I could quit my job and do something I really enjoy. So what if I don’t make so much money? Money isn’t everything.»
It would take several years, and a number of 36___________ starts, but finally Andrew Carter did leave his highly-paid position. He was scared, but for the first time in his life he was truly content.
30 1) took 2) jumped 3) seized 4) had
Ответ:
31 1) by 2) forward 3) up 4) off
Ответ:
32 1) spent 2) paid 3) passed 4) taken
Ответ:
33 1) dreaded 2) distrusted 3) depressed 4) disappointed
Ответ:
34 1) theme 2) topic 3) point 4) subject
Ответ:
35 1) live 2) go 3) move 4) continue
Ответ:
36 1) false 2) fake 3) artificial 4) forged
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 19—36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19—29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Раздел 4. Письменная речь
Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов №2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.
37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane:
Write an email to Jane.
In your message:
— answer her questions;
— ask 3 questions about her birthday celebration
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
***
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.
38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on why people go travelling in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).
Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
The opinion poll question:
Why did you go travelling last time?
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem that can arise with travelling and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of travelling in our life.
***
38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on what social networks are the most popular in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results оf the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
The opinion poll question:
What social networks are you using now?
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem that one can face in social networks and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of social networks in our life.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Test 2. Устная часть
Task 1
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
It has been heard for ages that the lifestyle varies between a city and village. Definitely there is a great difference in the lifestyle among people living in villages and cities. Neither of them is above one another, but definitely has their own advantages and disadvantages. It is considered that life in a city is almost equal to heaven and is wonderful and enjoyable. The reason behind such kind of thinking or feeling is only because, cities get expanded and more opportunities are made available for the people flooding in. New ventures, experiments and socializing happen in cities. The doors for each opportunity are more open in cities when compared to villages and therefore the facilities and comfort would be different from what you may find in villages. Cities provide great facilities for education, medical treatments, job opportunities etc. which makes life more settled and takes it to the next level.
Task 2
Study the advertisement
You are considering visiting the city and now you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following:
1) dates for departures
2) hotel facilities
3) if breakfast is included
4) number of city tours
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Task 3
You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions
Give full answers to the questions (2–3 sentences).
Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Typescript for Task 3
Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss hobbies. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.
Interviewer: Could you tell us what is unusual about Russia?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: What kinds of hobbies do people usually have in your country?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: What is your first hobby? Do you still do it?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: How do you spend your free time now?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: What hobby would like to pick up in the future? Why?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.
Task 4
Imagine that you and your friend are doing a school project "Shopping". You have found some photos to illustrate it but for technical reasons you cannot send them now. Leave a voice message to your friend explaining your choice of the photos and sharing some ideas about the project.
In 2.5 minutes be ready to:
• explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
• mention the advantages (1–2) of the two types of shopping;
• mention the disadvantages (1–2) of the two types of shopping;
• express your opinion on the subject of the project — which way of shopping you prefer and why.
You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2–3 sentences for every item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.
TEST 3
Раздел 1. Аудирование
— Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1 A diary in your mobile may be a good idea.
2 This way to remember things doesn’t go well with hygiene.
3 One should keep used diaries and daily planners.
4 This technique is not good for remembering things.
5 Good memory may be a question of genetics.
6 Writing things on pieces of paper is convenient.
7 Keeping a diary can help not to forget things.
Говорящий . . . A - B - C - D - E - F
Утверждение
2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A Mary has already passed her History test.
B Mary feels tired because of the repairs in her room.
C Mary’s parents helped her find the designer.
D Now the main colour of Mary’s bedroom is beige.
E Mary’s furniture used to be very old.
F Mary loves the new design of her room.
G James is going to bring flowers for the party.
Утверждение … … ….. A — B — C — D — E — F — G
Соответствие диалогу
***
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3 Which of the following is TRUE about scuba diving?
1) You can do it only in the sea.
2) It involves use of special breathing equipment.
3) It requires three years of training.
Ответ:
4 Which of the following is NOT true about scuba diving?
1) You can hear a lot of sea sounds.
2) You can look at a lot of different fish.
3) One usually wants to repeat the experience.
Ответ:
5 Which part of a diver’s equipment is NOT absolutely necessary?
1) Mask.
2) Scuba fins.
3) Wetsuit.
Ответ:
6 A buoyancy control device helps the diver to…
1) control distance and depth.
2) fight decompression sickness.
3) regulate the air tank level.
Ответ:
7 According to Barbara, why is it better to go to a dive school?
1) You get a certificate.
2) You learn more about safety underwater.
3) Self-teaching is illegal.
Ответ:
8 What is the purpose of the «buddy’ system in diving?
1) Not to feel lonely underwater.
2) Not to be alone in a difficult situation.
3) Not to depend on one’s instructor.
Ответ:
9 According to Barbara, what should a diver do?
1) Avoid contact with sea life.
2) Swim near coral reefs.
3) Encourage tourists to dive.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 1—9 не забудьте перенести ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 2. Чтение
10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. The VLT (Very Large Telescope) is the world’s largest telescope and it is taking scientists further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. In other words, the VLT is a kind of a time machine, giving astronomers detailed views of events that took place in the earliest days of the cosmos. One day, we will have a much clearer picture of how our planet was born.
B. The latest development in the debate amongst scientists about what killed the prehistoric dinosaurs is the suggestion that acid rain was the cause. Some geologists suggest that a large meteor hitting the earth at 65 kilometres per second would have led to strongly acidic rain falling all over the world. This idea is fascinating but it would mean the dinosaurs would all have died within a very short time.
C. In 1948, a British farmer discovered an interesting lump of metal while ploughing his field. At first he thought the metal bits were parts of an old bed. Then more «parts of old beds’ turned up and the farmer took them to the local museum. «But these bits are priceless!» exclaimed the keeper of the museum. «They are Iron Age jewellery and coins!» Over the next 40 years, more and more items were found in the same field.
D. Rats may have had a bit of a hard time over the years but these days lots of people are forgetting about guinea-pigs and hamsters and are buying rats instead. Domestic rats aren’t the same as the ones that run around rubbish bins — they’re actually quite cute. They are very intelligent and can be trained like dogs. They come in different colours and — a big bonus — they will eat anything!
E. In Western cultures, people look each other in the eye during a conversation to show interest and trust, but in many Asian countries, it’s rude to look people in the eye, especially a superior such as a teacher. One of the most basic and powerful signals is when a person crosses his or her arms across the chest. This can indicate that a person is putting up an unconscious barrier between themselves and others.
F. Earthquakes happen all the time in all parts of the world but we don’t notice most of them because they are small. However, big earthquakes are really dangerous. They can make buildings fall down, set off landslides and do other deadly things. The highest death toll caused by an earthquake was in China in 1556, when at least 830,000 people died.
G. According to scientists, Americans watch more TV on average than any other nationality. In fact, many people, particularly children, sit for 35 hours or more per week glued to the box. What’s wrong with watching all that TV? Studies have linked it to everything from obesity to aggression in children not to mention that it puts your mind into a sort of sedated state. Habitual television watching, over long periods of time, has been known to cause depression, and anger.
Ответ… … ….. A — B — C — D — E — F — G
***
11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.The Man
Booker Prize
The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is awarded every year for the best original full-length novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland. It aims to represent the greatest in contemporary literature and promotes the finest in fiction by rewarding the best book of the year. The prize was originally called the Booker-McConnell Prize, ___ (A). However, it was better-known as simply the «Booker Prize’. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping «Booker’.
Publishers can submit books for consideration for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be submitted ___ (B). Firstly, the Advisory Committee gives advice if there have been any changes to the rules for the prize. Then it selects the people ___ (C). The judging panel changes every year and usually a person is only a judge once.
Great efforts are made to ensure that the judging panel is balanced in terms of gender and professions within the industry. A writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been finalized, they are left to make their own decisions ___ (D). The Man Booker judges include critics, writers and academics ___ (E). The influence of the prize is so great that the winner will almost certainly see the considerable sales increase, in addition to the £50,000 ___ (F). In 1992, a Booker Russian Novel Prize was introduced.
1. without any further interference from the prize sponsor
2. so as to maintain the consistent quality of the prize
3. who will judge the books
4. so as to sell them
5. which was the name of the company that sponsored it
6. that comes with the prize
7. they think should be included
Ответ… A — B — C — D — E — F
***
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
His Own Medicine
After graduating from medical school, Eugene Alford built a lucrative career as an ear, nose, and throat specialist and a facial plastic surgeon at Methodist Hospital. In the summers, he and his wife Mary, a dentist and former pediatric nurse, would join a church-sponsored medical mission to Honduras, where he operated on the needy in a rural clinic.
At home, Alford treated many prominent Houston residents, but he also waived his fee for less fortunate patients. Carolyn Thomas, for instance, went to see him with a large gauze bandage over a cavity in her face. She had been shot by her boyfriend, who had also killed her mother. The bullet had blown away Thomas’s nose, upper jaw, and right eye. Reconstruction would have cost a million dollars, but Alford, his medical team, and his hospital did it for free.
Whenever Alford needed to relax after a particularly gruelling period of work, he’d drive to his ranch in Bellville and lose himself in farm chores. He didn’t make it out there as often as he would have liked. As a plastic surgeon at Methodist Hospital, he had performed 800 operations over the previous year and was booked solid for months ahead.
So on a chilly Sunday a few days after Christmas, Alford headed out through the pine bush, intending to clear a trail for deer hunting. As he cut through underbrush in the south pasture, Alford brought the tractor to a halt in front of a dead white oak standing in his path. He nudged the trunk with the tractor’s front-end loader, expecting the tree to topple neatly to the ground. Instead the top half of the oak swayed towards him. In seconds, more than a ton of hardwood slammed down on him, crushing his spine.
Pinned to the steering wheel, Alford could barely breathe. He tried to hit the brakes, but his legs failed to respond. When he found he could move his hands, he turned off the ignition, then with great effort pulled his cell phone from his shirt pocket and called his wife on speed dial. «Mary,» he gasped, «a tree fell on me. I’m going to die.» «Don’t quit!» she shouted. «We’re coming to get you!» Alford was still conscious when his neighbours Kevin and Snuffy, alerted by Mary, hauled the tree off him. A rescue helicopter touched down minutes later, and Alford advised the paramedics on which drugs to administer to him. Then he blacked out.
He was flown to the trauma unit at Medical Centre in Houston, then quickly transferred to Methodist. The operation was successful, but the patient was still in danger. After almost two weeks in the ICU, Alford awoke, and his condition improved enough for him to be taken to a rehabilitation unit, where he began physical therapy and learned to use a wheelchair. In February 2008, six weeks after the accident, Alford returned to his 100-year-old home in Houston. At first, he was so weak that he could sit up only when strapped into a wheelchair.
Before the accident, Alford had been a solidly built six-footer and was used to being in charge. Now, entirely dependent on others, he fell into despair. «If it weren’t for my wife and kids, I would have killed myself,» he says. But then the love started pouring in. Alford’s brother maintained a blog to provide updates about Alford’s recovery. Over the next three months, he received 40,000 messages from colleagues, former patients, acquaintances, even strangers. The outpouring raised his spirits. It also gave Mary a new perspective on him. For years, Alford’s schedule of 15-hour days hadn’t left him much time for her and the kids. «I’d just about decided you liked work more than us,» Mary told him one day over lunch. «But now I realize you didn’t want to leave the hospital because there were so many folks that needed you. You couldn’t just abandon them.»
The couple refurbished their house with ramps, a wheelchair-accessible bathroom, and an elevator. They bought an extended-cab pickup truck and fitted it with a wheelchair hoist, a swivelling driver’s seat, and hand controls so Alford could drive himself.
But Alford’s goal was to make such adjustments temporary. After a month of physical therapy, he graduated from an electric to a manual wheelchair. The daily workouts built strength in his back and abdominal muscles, improving his ability to hold himself upright. Soon he was able to stand with the aid of a tubular steel frame; seated in his chair, he could now draw his legs toward his chest.
In May, Alford began the next phase of treatment. By putting a paralyzed patient through his paces, therapists hoped to grow new neuromuscular connections. After three months of this routine, Alford’s coordination had improved markedly. He felt ready to pick up a scalpel again, with the hospital’s approval. Alford still goes for four hours of rehab every morning and spends his evenings stretching and riding a motorized stationary bike to keep muscle spasms at bay. But in the hours between, he sees patients or performs surgeries — as many as five a week.
He’s eager to do more complex surgeries and plans to increase his workload. Walking remains uncertain. «I always tell him if I had a crystal ball, I’d be a millionaire,» says Marcie Kern, one of his physical therapists. Still, the doctor considers himself a lucky man.
12 Eugene Alford…
1) treated only prominent Houston residents.
2) did some charity work.
3) had fixed fees.
4) often visited his ranch in Bellville.
Ответ:
13 In paragraph 3 «gruelling’ means…
1) extremely boring.
2) quite exciting.
3) very tiring.
4) highly uncomfortable.
Ответ:
14 As a result of the accident, the oak broke Alford’s…
1) neck.
2) legs.
3) back.
4) chest.
Ответ:
15 Before the accident, Alford…
1) was in charge of the hospital.
2) liked his work more than his family.
3) worked 15 hours a week.
4) could not spend much time with his wife and children.
Ответ:
16 To make Alford feel more comfortable…
1) the family equipped their house with necessary facilities.
2) his 100-year-old house was redecorated.
3) the family bought a new house.
4) his old pickup truck was fitted with a wheelchair hoist.
Ответ:
17 After physical therapy and daily workouts…
1) Alford didn’t need a wheelchair.
2) Alford’s stamina came back.
3) Alford started to perform simple operations.
4) Alford‘s coordination improved markedly.
Ответ:
18 At present Alford…
1) feels sorry for himself.
2) is planning to practise medicine as well as he used to.
3) is going to start walking.
4) wants to become a millionaire.
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—24.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25—29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25—29.
***
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30—36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30—36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
A Shoe Shop Story
Carol Chadbond leant on the counter by the till, chewing gum, and gazed at the customers in the shoe shop. There were only two: a young girl and her mother. They had been 30 ___________ on shoes for twenty minutes, unable to agree on anything. The girl wanted something expensive and fashionable, while the mother wanted something cheap and practical. Carol watched them argue and thought how bored she was.
She wished she hadn’t agreed to stand in for Julie on a Saturday morning. She could be out with her friends now, drinking coffee and gossiping instead of waiting for people to 31 ___________ their minds up. The mother came over with a shoe in her hand.
«I wonder if you have this in a size 4,» she said. Carol took the shoe and smiled the automatic smile she 32 ___________, for customers.
I’ll go and have a look. Won’t be a minute,» she said and went into the storeroom. She quickly found the shoes, then sat on a stool, hoping to waste a few minutes by 33 ___________ to look for the shoes. She thought about her plans for that evening. She was looking forward to going to the cinema and seeing her favourite actor’s latest film. Realising that she hadn’t invited Amy, she got out her mobile and quickly dialled the number. It rang twice before Amy answered.
«Hi, it’s me!» Carol said. «Guess what? I’m at work. Listen, what are you doing later?»
Soon, Amy was telling Carol all about what had happened the night before and who had said what to whom. Forgetting where she was, Carol got more and more 34 ___________ in the
conversation, crying «Really?» and «I don’t believe it!» at the more interesting moments in the story. A low cough came from the door of the storeroom. Carol looked up to see the woman customer standing there with a very annoyed 35 ___________ on her face. Even worse, the shop manager, Mrs Lewis, was standing right behind her.
«Erm… I’ll call you back,» Carol said into the phone, and hung 36 ___________. Somehow, she had the feeling that she might not have to work the following Saturday morning.
30 1) trying 2) wearing 3) getting 4) having
Ответ:
31 1) put 2) make 3) decide 4) cross
Ответ:
32 1) booked 2) reserved 3) held 4) stored
Ответ:
33 1) acting 2) imitating 3) displaying 4) pretending
Ответ:
34 1) involved 2) excited 3) included 4) concentrated
Ответ:
35 1) view 2) look 3) sight 4) appearance
Ответ:
36 1) off 2) out 3) up 4) down
Ответ:
По окончании выполнения заданий 19—36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ №1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19—29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Раздел 4. Письменная речь
Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов №2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.
37. You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Max:
Write an email to Max.
In your message:
— answer his questions;
— ask 3 questions about the trip
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of email writing.
***
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ №2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.
38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what countries teens from Zetland would like to work in. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).
Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.
The opinion poll question:
What countries would you like to work in?
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem that can arise with working in another country and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of working in another country.
***
38.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on why the social network VK is popular in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results оf the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).
Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.
The opinion poll question:
Why do you spend time in VK?
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;
— select and report 2–3 facts;
— make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;
— outline a problem that one can face using VK and like and suggest a way of solving it;
— conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of VK in teens’ life.
Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.
Test 3. Устная часть
Task 1
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.
21st century skills comprise abilities, and learning dispositions that have been identified as being required for success in the modern-day society and workplaces by educators, business leaders, academics, and governmental agencies. This is part of a growing international movement focusing on the skills required for students to master in preparation for success in a rapidly changing, digital society. Many of these talents are also associated with deeper learning, which is based on mastering analytic reasoning, complex problem solving, and teamwork. These skills differ from traditional academic training in that they are not primarily content knowledge-based. The above-mentioned abilities are also identified as key qualities of progressive education, a pedagogical movement that began in the late nineteenth century and continues in various forms to the present.
Task 2
Study the advertisement
Touch the Culture of World Civilizations
You are considering visiting a museum and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following:
1) location of the museum
2) special offers
3) number of exhibitions
4) working hours
You have 20 seconds to ask each question.
Task 3
You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions
Give full answers to the questions (2–3 sentences).
Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.
Typescript for Task 3
Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss friends. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.
Interviewer: How do you get along with your peers?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: What are the benefits of friendship?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: Where did you meet your best friend? How long have you known each other?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: How do you communicate with your friends?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: How do you spend time together?
Student: _________________________
Interviewer: Thank you very much for your interview.
Task 4
Imagine that you and your friend are doing a school project «Martial Arts». You have found some photos to illustrate it but for technical reasons you cannot send them now.
Leave a voice message to your friend explaining your choice of the photos and sharing some ideas about the project.
In 2.5 minutes be ready to:
• explain the choice of the illustrations for the project by briefly describing them and noting the differences;
• mention the advantages (1–2) of the two types of martial arts;
• mention the disadvantages (1–2) of the two types of martial arts;
• express your opinion on the subject of the project — which way of martial arts you’d prefer and why.
You will speak for not more than 3 minutes (2–3 sentences for every item of the plan, 12–15 sentences total). You have to talk continuously.
TEST 4
Раздел 1. Аудирование
1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1 This ingredient of a sweet treat has a long history.
2 Special sweets can be decorations for special occasions.
3 Candy from our childhood has a very special taste.
4 Every candy cane has its own sweet secret.
5 I didn’t regret spending money for those sweets.
6 It was impossible to eat alone all the sweets needed.
7 This shop has an unusual mix of goods.
Говорящий . . . A - B - C - D - E - F
Утверждение
2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A Sandra has been friends with Anna for a long time.
B Jim and Anna have good relations at the moment.
C Jim feels guilty about his behavior towards Anna.
D Jim has a full-time job.
E Jim thinks gift certificates don’t make a good present.
F Sandra has already bought a present for Anna.
G Jim and Sandra are going shopping tonight.
Утверждение . . . . . . . . . . . A - B - C - D - E - F - G
Соответствие диалогу
***
Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3 Speaking about his background, Nigel says that…
1) he decided to become a pilot at an early age.
2) his family was related to aviation.
3) it took him quite long to understand that he wanted to fly.
Ответ:
4 At present, Nigel’s main ambition is to work on…
1) local flights.
2) trans-Atlantic flights.
3) popular international flights.
Ответ:
5 When Nigel decided to get a pilot’s license, he had to…
1) leave school to work.
2) change many jobs.
3) combine work and studies.
Ответ:
6 Nigel explains that «to get instrument rating» means to demonstrate the ability to…
1) operate any type of aircraft.
2) fly in any weather conditions.
3) use different equipment on the ground.
Ответ:
7 Nigel can’t get a job with a major airline because…
1) he doesn’t have enough experience.
2) these airlines have stopped hiring new pilots.
3) his pilot’s license is not valid.
Ответ:
8 In order to achieve his aim, Nigel still needs to…
1) pass a medical test.
2) gain more flying skills.
3) choose a suitable airline.
Ответ:
9 Before he gets enough experience, Nigel is ready to work…
1) for a low salary.
2) with many different people.
3) in faraway places.
Ответ:
Раздел 2. Чтение
10. Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
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