О научном альманахе “Тренд”
Уважаемые читатели, в своих руках Вы держите первый выпуск научного альманаха “Тренд”, в котором собраны тезисы и полнотекстовые статьи студентов, магистрантов, аспирантов и уже состоявшихся ученых, которые рассматривают актуальные вопросы педагогики, филологии, лингвистики, маркетинга, экономики и других предметных и отраслевых областях.
Цифровая трансформация общества, стремительная смена поколений от “икс” до “альфа”, бесконечные попытки создать креативный искусственный разум побуждают ученых, начинающих и “матерых”, изыскивать пути и способы совершенствования образовательной парадигмы, развития человеческого потенциала, улучшения экономической ситуации в стране и пр. Эти актуальные вопросы, тренды, освещаются в нашем издании.
Язык публикаций — английский, русский.
Все материалы рецензируются ведущими учеными РФ. Тезисы и статьи студентов, магистров, аспирантов сопровождаются рецензией научного руководителя.
Мнение редакции может не совпадать с мнением авторов.
Исследования магистров
FORMATION OF A COMMUNICATION POLICY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CHANGED REQUEST OF THE ELECTORATE ON THE EXAMPLE OF VLADIMIR ZELENSKY ELECTION CAMPAIGN
Machina Polina Sergeevna
1st year master’s degree student
Faculty of Marketing
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Scientific Suprvisor
Fominykh Nataliia Iurievna
Professor
Foreign Languages Department #1
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Abstract
The article considers the election campaign of Vladimir Alexandrovich Zelensky using the AIDA model. The author analyzes the steps of building communications in order to strengthen and slightly adjust the image of the candidate in the eyes of Ukrainian citizens in a situation of unstable economic and social situation.
Keywords: election campaign Of V. A. Zelensky, politics, image.
In early 2019, it was officially announced that Vladimir Zelensky intended to lead the country as President for the next few years. This was a complete surprise for many political observers, not to mention ordinary citizens of Ukraine. Despite the skepticism of experts about this decision and the result of well-structured steps and innovative solutions in the construction of the campaign, the candidate managed to defeat established rivals with Grand results in the result of two rounds of elections.
In a number of post-Soviet countries, the political sphere is considered too complex and inaccessible for ordinary citizens to understand. But in fact, these processes are subject to the same marketing mechanisms as the rest. The voter evaluates their past experience of interacting with the product, estimates its need for themselves in the current moment, or simply gives in to emotions in the “checkout area”. Zelensky’s rapid growth in politics does not fit into the usual framework for us. Many believe that the main role in the acclaimed Ukrainian TV series “Servant of the people"became fundamental for him. But this is refuted by the arguments of experts and data from opinion polls.
The campaign to promote this candidate was based on the classic AIDA model (attention, interest, desire, action). Zelensky began to win the audience’s sympathy as a student, taking part in the famous Comedy program of KVN. Later, he started producing his shows on the leading TV channels of Ukraine, leading the creative team “Kvartal 95”. Since 2012, they have signed a contract with channel 1+1, headed by oligarch Igor Kolomoisky. In their shows, the artists make fun of Russian and Ukrainian politicians of the highest rank in an acutely humorous manner, which can not fail to appeal to the audience. In this way, they to some extent sublimate popular discontent, translating into a joke difficult events for the country and criticizing the decisions of the current government. Nevertheless, even in spite of the humorous intonation, the electorate seems to be aware of the political situation. Thus, even before the release of the famous series, Vladimir Zelensky has a powerful media resource base. And the popularity in the entertainment sphere, designed to evoke positive emotions, helped him form it. His image was not overshadowed by participation in scandals, numerous love scrapes or conflicts with “colleagues in the shop”. On the contrary, he is an exemplary family man, a loyal friend and an effective leader of a large team for many years.
Zelensky managed to attract interest in his persona in 2015 with the release of the above-mentioned series. In the Comedy, the main claims of the people to power, uncompromising decisions were heard from his lips. Vladimir Alexandrovich became subconsciously associated with the image of his character in the electorate. Then the interest had to be translated into desire.
The candidate does not announce his desire to run immediately, but creates intrigue by launching information campaigns. So the first mention is his interview with the famous journalist Gordonov, which is several hours long. In it, the host talks about the comedian’s potential to become President of the country as a reliable fact. Also, in the process of dialogue, Zelensky is assigned the image of a"man of the people”. The viewer learns about his character traits, life principles, and the emotional side of his personality.
A long intrigue on the most significant night of the year for any post-Soviet person ends with a denouement. Zelensky’s native channel 1+1 broadcasts his speech, not the address of the then-current President Poroshenko at the turn of 2019 and 2020. With this action, the channel’s management increased the candidate’s credibility and importance in the eyes of voters.
Due to the reliance of opponents on old-fashioned methods of campaigning and easily disputed slurs on the candidate, the rating of the future President grew steadily throughout the election campaign. The final step was to hold a debate at the main sports stadium of the capital. This place was chosen because of the opportunity to invite real representatives of the people who can show a genuine reaction to the appeals of the candidates. Of course, all this was broadcast by the main TV channels to a huge audience.
In his addresses, Zelensky voiced an urgent and much-desired agenda by the main part of the population: he raised the issue of social justice, the corruption of the highest echelons of power, the trajectory of the digital economy, and the prospect of the state dissolving into a classless society. Zelensky also closes such an acute need of the population for new faces in politics. The global trend shows that showmen are becoming popular today, who appeal mainly to the part of the population that is not visible to the residents of the capitals. This determines the victory of Trump, Macron, Johnson, and now Zelensky. They talk and sympathize rather than with the residents of the capitals, but with the residents of the hinterland.
Citizens do not feel the necessary protection from representative immigrants near military structures that previously held high positions. “The people against the nomenclature” — emphasizes the political expert of the portal “Word and deed” Valentin Gladkikh. In addition, Zelensky and his party are often accused of abusing populist slogans and promises in the spirit of “For all good, against all bad”.
Zelensky’s strategy is based on the principle of “centering on singularity”. This implies a focus on isolated from the context of the candidate’s personality. People are invited to pay attention to a person who obviously does not have the necessary competencies, but has an interesting biography, the right origin and a successful position.
Needless to say, in a situation of global digitalization, the future President also focused on social networks. In addition to constantly flashing on his native TV channel, he actively maintained his Instagram page, which is worth noting to this day. This allows them to instantly respond to any information occasion, talk to the people in the same language, and break down such an established and traditional barrier between the population and representatives of high ranks. In their posts and videos, Zelensky’s team constantly emphasizes the desire to be closer to ordinary citizens and the willingness to take actions to restore peace in the warring regions and stabilize the common Ukrainian agenda.
Zelensky’s team has official accounts on Facebook, Instagram (9.2 million subscribers), Telegram (a total of 69 thousand subscribers), Twitter and two YouTube channels (See! President with 725 thousand subscribers).
“In every country where there is active attention to the political situation in Ukraine, curators were found (in Israel, America, Australia, Japan, Canada, and so on). Each of them created their own community. For them, the headquarters has allocated lawyers who answer questions — how to vote, how to become an observer in this country, and so on”, — said Mikhail Fedorov, one of the leaders of the digital promotion of the candidate.In addition, in most social networks there are regional pages of the Zelensky team — in each area, and in some several.
The main legitimate claim to the comedian was just his professional failure as a politician. He was not involved in state structures, never worked in the specialty of “Lawyer”, received at the end of the last century. History has known cases when a person of a creative profession was elected to govern the country. However, most often they were people who had just started their life in the entertainment industry, but later changed their professional sphere to get the necessary experience. The most famous representative of this kind of professional transformation was the 40th President of the United States, Ronald Wilson Reagan. He began his political career as Governor of the state of California, and when he became President, he was remembered for economic reforms to reduce taxes and state intervention in business processes. In a recent poll, Reagan was chosen as the best President by an audience of self-identified baby boomers. Interestingly, he ran for the Republican party, as did Arnold Schwarzenegger, Donald trump, and Clint Eastwood later.
Also, the events of recent years demonstrate that the traditional elites of European States are in a systemic crisis. The broad masses of the people are losing confidence in politicians who communicate with the population by clerical means, and who have been in front of the eyes of voters for many years.
In the case of the Ukrainian situation, Vladimir Zelensky chose absolute transparency as the main weapon in the political struggle.
HOW DO CUSTOMERS INTERACT WITH YOUR BUSINESS AND HOW IS THIS CONNECTED WITH CONTENT MARKETING?
Kristina Pronyaeva
First-year student master’s degree
Faculty of Marketing
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Scientific Suprvisor
Fominykh Nataliia Iurievna
Professor
Foreign Languages Department #1
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Everyone knows the quote “The customer is always right,” but how does it refer to content marketing?
All Customers have their own opinions, desires and needs. A smart marketing specialist will devote some of his time and energy to listening to his customers. The reason is that content marketing is a user-centric platform. Companies that have nothing to offer will soon find themselves out of the market. That’s why in order to be competitive companies should search new “insider” information from their customers.
In the world of content marketing, there is nothing more important than client. The client determines website content, methods of distribution, an amount of posts in social media and of course the success of the company.
Companies that want to create a successful marketing strategy have to devote time to finding offers from customers. Today you can find a lot of useful information in the Internet. If users do not like the information you provide, they will simply leave your website and continue searching for a more suitable web resource. This is good for your competitors, but absolutely not profitable for you.
According to the Business Insider, companies have only seven seconds to make the first impression to the client. It is very important to make sure that the content of the page meets the needs and interests of visitors. If you have done all the necessary work, it is most likely that it will help you make a favorable impression on users.
Behavioral limits
Despite of the fact that some companies believe that it is enough to make a simple analysis of behavioral factors data, this is not true. Instruments, such as automatic web analyzer are useful, they provide information about the way of user, location, actions, where visitors came from, how long they stayed on the website, how many pages they viewed and whether they shared content.
However, such analyzers do not show the following data:
• demographic data, interests, goals, etc.;
• how many people liked or did not like the content you are offering;
• search interest;
• what decisions regarding purchases were made by people who viewed the information on the site;
• offline actions of people who visited website.
Without a complete picture obtained by combining behavioral factors and forms of customer information, such as surveys, a company will not be able to get the necessary information about the quality of its own activities.
Even if 10% of your blog posts drive 90% of the total traffic, it’s impossible to say exactly how this is happening and what actions the company should conduct to repeat similar results. Therefore, behavioral factors are limited in their and for full effectiveness should be compared with the data of customer’s surveys.
How to create an effective survey
Now that it’s reliably known that clients run a business — it’s time to listen them. How to do this? The answer is simple: you ask questions, and then acts according to the answers that were received. Asking website visitor, company should create relevant content on the website, change the marketing channels or find new ways to interact with visitors.
The best way to get user feedback is to conduct a survey. This allows you to get information about the preferences, behavior and needs of customers. It will also help you to understand the needs of your customers, which will help you to run more effective digital campaigns.
Surveys are conducted on the basis of certain data: characteristics, preferences and customers behavior.
The survey should provide the following information:
• the impact of content on users;
• relevance of content;
• roles and demographic data of users.
When to use surveys
Keep in mind that surveys are not suitable for all types of content and work better combined with blog or email newsletters. Surveys are an interactive format that is most effective on interactive platforms.
In addition, it should be noted that there are several types of surveys. For example, a company can make a blog post and run a survey through the SurveyMonkey platform, or post a message on Twitter with a special question. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages.
7 key points of a good survey
To be effective and gather the necessary information, the survey must satisfy the following requirements:
Brevity: follow the principle of brevity. Ask a question, choosing, if possible, the most concise formulations to avoid loss of customer interest. Reduce excess words and create surveys that won’t take a lot of time. No one will spend 20 minutes on answering questions. Or, if they still find the time, they will randomly respond, randomly choosing answers in an attempt to complete survey faster.
Details: do not ask questions for which you do not need answers. Also, do not combine multiple goals in one survey. If you are trying to figure out why customers are on your web site, ask only those questions that will lead to the your marketing goals. Each question has a specific focus. If you do not need a username, do not ask about it. Everything is very simple.
No restrictions: every question should be well-formulated and open. By asking such questions, you give the opportunity to answer in a broad manner, which will allow you to get more accurate information. Moreover, asking questions, such as “Why do you think so?”, after the usual “Yes” or “No”, you can describe a more complete picture.
Gradual: each question should be asked individually. If you post one poll on Twitter, that’s great. If you are creating extensive polls, be sure to consider each item separately. Do not force users to view all the information in advance or to overload with data.
Consistency: even if you manage to compose the best survey in the world, most likely it will not help if you do not compile a constant scale for comparing all your surveys. For example, on a scale of one to five, five should always mean one. This will help to avoid inaccuracies in both customer responses and your own interpretation.
Neutrality: One of the mistakes is the creation of tricky questions. It is not in your deal to write questions that lead visitors to a specific answer. This will only confuse and give incorrect results. For example, you should not say, “Recently you abandoned service provider X due to poor service and moved to our company, which will provide the best service. How do you feel about our company?” Instead, it’s better to just ask, “What do you think of our company?”
Timeliness: studies show that polls sent via e-mail are best opened and worked out on Monday, Friday and Sunday. Perhaps the results will vary depending on the clients, so analyze the existing behavioral factors and send out letters in accordance with this.
By creating surveys that incorporate these traits, marketing department receive reliable and accurate data from customers. This makes it possible to evaluate the quality of the content and determine if customers are willing to receive any other information. This allows you to grow your business and give visitors exactly what they need.
Conclusion
Content marketing has a long road to success. In 99% of cases, most likely, you will not be able to get immediate results.
Joe Pulizzi gave the following advice: “Build your content first, and then create the product.”
Analyze your audience, then create products that meet the needs of customers, as well as content. In the long run, this will give good results. Customer-oriented content marketing is the most successful form of content marketing.
USING PRODUCT PLACEMENT ADVERTISING TECHNOLOGY IN MODERN CINEMA
Смирнова Ксения Андреевна
Студентка 1 курса магистратуры
Факультет маркетинга
Российского экономического университета им. Г. В. Плеханова
Ильина Александра Владимировна
Студентка 1 курса магистратуры
Факультет маркетинга
Российского экономического университета им. Г. В. Плеханова
Научный руководитель
Фоминых Наталия Юрьевна
Профессор кафедры ИЯ№1
Российского экономического университета им. Г. В. Плеханова
Abstract
This article discusses the use of Product Placement advertising technology in modern cinema, as well as specific examples of using Product Placement.
Key words: Product Placement, advertising, movies
Product Placement is an advertising technique where props are used in movies, TV shows, computer games, music videos, or books that have a real brand. This is a type of BTL advertising. In this type of advertising, the viewer is shown the product or logo while watching. On top of that, the product may even be mentioned in the production as a high quality product. This type of advertising has become a very relevant topic. According to an online survey by WPP Groups Lightspeed Research, 75% of Americans say that the large number of brands on television and in movies make it difficult to follow and enjoy the storyline. Also, experts believe that due to Product Placement, the line between reality and advertising has become blurred.
The features and formats of Product Placement are clear today, but the question of the effectiveness of this type of advertising is still open. Even abroad, where the new advertising technology developed years ago, its effectiveness is not well studied. Such research is quite expensive. Therefore, instead of conducting expensive surveys, companies prefer to place hidden ads in other projects. Many Western film companies offer focus group testing, but even they themselves are skeptical. Therefore, the main problem of Product Placement is unpredictability. Results have shown that using Product Placement can increase sales. For example, developers of online games say that the memorability of information obtained from advertising in the game is ten times higher than that of a 30-second TV video. At the same time, one should understand that Product Placement cannot replace direct advertising. As an integral part of marketing, it must complement other means of promotion. However, Product Placement technology makes it possible to show the product to the consumer in real life.
In the past few years, PP has become increasingly popular in Russia. PP technologies have amazed even old-school directors and screenwriters and are now actively used by Russian producers of TV series and feature films.
Product Placement is a relevant topic for consideration for a number of reasons: first, in Russia, PP is just beginning to gain momentum. Second, there are conflicting points of views regarding this type of activity. And third, PP is one of the most dynamically developing trends for the promotion of goods and services.
Some experts consider this technology as advertising, some consider it as a marketing tool, while others consider it a branding technology.
Product placement is often used very intelligently. In films, for example, products are displayed where they normally would be in real life. Therefore, the audience is not bothered by such placement, and the placement of the product does not distract the consumer. The product is promoted and the consumer is happy.
Product Placement in films, for example, provides a limitless number of creative opportunities for advertisers to sell their products. As long as the directors and producers agree, there are thousands of opportunites for companies to sell their products. If a film is successful, these products not only will be seen millions of times on the screen, but will also be indented into the minds of all of those that see the film.
The goal of Product Placement is to shift the focus of the consumer for just a split second. If the star of a film uses the product, for example, then the product will get even more attention. This is one advantage of product placement in film.
It is known that celebrities can shape the tastes and preferences of the population. Psychologists have long noticed one thing: that consumers always wants to be like the movie characters that they see in films. Therefore, if the consumer can’t look the same or have the same personality as the star, then it is still possible to share something with them by having the same stylish glasses, the same brand of car, etc.
A series of American studies have shown that viewers get irritated when they cannot clearly see the name of the airline in a movie or the brand of watch a character wears, for example.
According to Gallup Media, movies and series will be one of the highest-rated programs on television. People prepare for their viewing and may even postpone all plans in adavnce. As Gallup’s per-second analysis shows, the rating of the ad block in the TV program is 40—60% lower than the rating of the program itself. When placing a product in a TV series or feature film, the viewer cannot avoid contact with the advertised product, since it is so strategically placed. Advertisers, who place their products in movies, are able to accurately determine the percentage of people who see the ad without the additional cost of expensive research and analysis. In short, the number of people who saw the product or service is equal to the number of people who watched the movie. This cannot be said about traditional advertising. Also, there are no expenses for coming up with the concept of the video, casting actors for it, and for the shooting itself.
If we consider the Russian market of Product Placement, at this stage it is much more profitable to place the product directly in the movie than to conduct open advertising. This is due to the fact that recently there has been an increase in prices for placing TV ads by an average of 30—40% annually. Considering that such price increases will be present for another 5—6 years, only very large manufacturers will remain on the TV advertising market.
Product Placement technology is much more economical. For example, the display of the advertised product (20s timing) in one episode of a series is approximately $4000-$5000. Based on these numbers, we can conclude that the prices of Product Placement are much less than on traditional television advertising (placing 20C in Prime time ORT is about $14,000). Moreover, placement in a movie provides a guarantee that a competing product will not appear next to the placed product, as is often the case in a TV ad block.
Product Placement is a long-running promotion that does not end with the word “end” on the screen. After all, the demonstration of the film goes through many stages: first, the presentation on the big screen in the home country, then the sale of the rights abroad, then an infinite number of resales to different TV channels and countless TV broadcasts. This includes cable and satellite channels. After this, even video and DVD versions (cross-promotion) will be sold. It is important to note that one of the most striking examples of cross-promotion will be from the James bond films. Well-known companies like BMW, Ericsson, Martini, Snirnoff, Omega, Visa, Catterpillar, and Heineken built their advertising campaigns on the basis of placement in these movies. Moreover, they received a huge return, which was expressed in a rapid increase in sales of advertised products.
Sometimes Product Placement is the only way to solve difficult marketing tasks. The most famous example given by most managers of such agencies shows the capabilities of product placement in solving complex problems. Any of the viewers of a well-known film can remember that they saw a particular brand in the film, which could simply be shown in the background or, conversely, be actively used by the characters as transport, clothing, or food. And in the frame it looked natural, as if the character really needed the product.
Let’s consider the movie “Justice League.” The film premiered on November 16, 2017. The film is the fifth in a row from the new DC Comics film universe. DC Comics started with the film “Man of steel,” shot by Zack Snyder in 2012. In 2016, it was expanded by the films Batman v. Superman and Suicide Squad. On June 1, 2017, Wonder woman was released. In the film, Batman drives an AMG Vision Gran Turismo supercar, and Wonder woman drives an E-Class convertible. Later, Mercedes-Benz signed an agreement with Warner Bros, similar to that of its competitor Audi, which is heavily advertised in the marvel movie universe. Thanks to the agreement, the upcoming superhero film “Justice League” will feature products from the German car brand, including the Mercedes E-Class and G-Class, as well as the Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo prototype.
As you might have guessed, the Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo will be used by Bruce Wayne when he needs to appear as a respectable businessman, not Batman. The car could be seen in one of the movie’s trailers and in a scene where Flash asks to be reminded of what Bruce Wayne’s superpower is. “I’m rich,” he replies, pathetically closing the supercar’s gull wings.
Бесплатный фрагмент закончился.
Купите книгу, чтобы продолжить чтение.