Бесплатный фрагмент - Английский для продолжающих

Введение

Современное изучение английского языка выходит за рамки простой грамматики и лексики: успешное владение языком требует умения применять знания в повседневной жизни, понимать культурный и профессиональный контекст, а также развивать навыки общения в различных ситуациях. Эта книга предназначена для учащихся уровней B1–B2, которые уже имеют базовую языковую подготовку и стремятся расширить словарный запас, улучшить грамматическую точность и уверенно использовать язык в реальных условиях.

Каждая глава книги сосредоточена на актуальной и практически значимой теме: от повседневной жизни и работы до путешествий, финансов, технологий и социальных взаимодействий. Особое внимание уделено лексике, которая необходима для эффективного общения, а также грамматическим конструкциям, позволяющим выразить свои мысли точно и естественно.

Учебный материал построен так, чтобы сочетать теорию и практику. В каждой главе предлагаются тексты для чтения, упражнения на лексику и грамматику, перевод, дискуссионные вопросы и творческие задания. Такой комплексный подход позволяет не только закреплять знания, но и стимулирует критическое мышление, развитие письменной и устной речи, а также способность самостоятельно применять язык в разнообразных ситуациях.

Особое внимание в этой книге уделено грамматике: она периодически повторяется в разных главах и контекстах. Такой подход позволяет закреплять уже изученные конструкции, видеть их использование в различных ситуациях и постепенно переходить от понимания к автоматическому применению.

Используя данное пособие регулярно, вы сможете постепенно улучшать свои навыки, чувствовать себя увереннее в общении и расширять горизонты своих возможностей как в учебе, так и в профессиональной и личной жизни.

Daily Routines and Habits

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

routine — распорядок, рутина

I try to follow the same morning routine every day.

habit — привычка

Reading before bed is a good habit.

to wake up — просыпаться

I usually wake up at 7 a.m.

to get up — вставать с кровати

I get up a few minutes after my alarm rings.

to stay up late — поздно ложиться

I stayed up late finishing a project.

to be productive — быть продуктивным

I feel more productive in the morning.

to waste time — тратить время впустую

Scrolling through social media can waste a lot of time.

to focus on — концентрироваться на

It’s hard to focus on work when you are tired.

to take a break — делать перерыв

Don’t forget to take a break during work.

to manage time — управлять временем

Successful people know how to manage their time.

to build a habit — сформировать привычку

It takes time to build a new habit.

to improve — улучшать

Small changes can improve your daily routine.

to be used to — быть привыкшим к

I’m used to waking up early.

to schedule — планировать

I schedule important tasks for the morning.

productive day — продуктивный день

Starting early helps me have a productive day.

daily tasks — ежедневные задачи

I write down my daily tasks every morning.

to keep track of — отслеживать

I keep track of my habits in a notebook.

to develop a routine — выработать распорядок

It’s helpful to develop a routine.

Грамматический фокус

Present Simple для описания привычек

Present Simple часто используется, когда мы говорим о регулярных действиях, привычках и ежедневных делах.

I wake up early and go for a short walk.

She drinks coffee every morning.

We start work at 9 a.m.

He checks his email before breakfast.

They exercise three times a week.

Текст

Why Daily Habits Matter

Many people want to change their lives, but they often try to make big changes very quickly. In reality, small habits can have a much bigger effect over time.

Your daily routine influences how productive and focused you feel during the day. For example, many successful people start their mornings in a structured way. They wake up early, exercise, plan their daily tasks, or spend a few minutes reading.

Good habits help you manage your time better. When you follow a routine, you don’t waste energy making too many decisions. You simply know what to do next. This makes it easier to stay focused on important tasks.

On the other hand, some habits can make your day less productive. For instance, staying up late often makes it harder to wake up early. Spending too much time on social media can also waste valuable time.

Building good habits is not always easy. Experts say that it can take several weeks to develop a new routine. The key is consistency. Even small actions, repeated every day, can improve your life in the long term.

Instead of trying to change everything at once, it is often better to start with one simple habit. Over time, these small habits can lead to big results.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

routine, focus on, wake up, waste time, take a break, manage time, habit

I usually ______ at 7 a.m. on weekdays.

It’s important to ______ during long work sessions.

Checking your phone too often can ______.

A morning ______ can help you start the day better.

It’s difficult to ______ work when you are tired.

Learning to ______ is an important skill.

Reading every day can become a good ______.

Grammar practice

Поставьте глагол в Present Simple.

She usually ______ (wake up) at 6:30.

I ______ (check) my email every morning.

They ______ (exercise) three times a week.

He ______ (stay) up late on weekends.

We ______ (plan) our daily tasks in the morning.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Я обычно просыпаюсь рано.

Хорошие привычки помогают управлять временем.

Он часто тратит время на социальные сети.

Мы стараемся начинать день продуктивно.

Она планирует свои ежедневные задачи утром.

Вопросы для обсуждения

What does your morning routine look like?

What habits help you stay productive?

Do you prefer to work in the morning or in the evening?

What habit would you like to change?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

My Daily Routine

Опишите свой обычный день.

Постарайтесь использовать минимум 5 слов из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

wake up

take a break

waste time

routine

focus on

manage time

habit

Grammar practice

wakes up

check

exercise

stays

plan

Translation

I usually wake up early.

Good habits help people manage time.

He often wastes time on social media.

We try to start the day productively.

She plans her daily tasks in the morning.

Time Management

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

deadline — крайний срок

I have an important deadline tomorrow.

to prioritize — расставлять приоритеты

You need to prioritize your tasks.

task — задача

I usually write down my tasks for the day.

to postpone — откладывать

Don’t postpone important work.

to be overwhelmed — быть перегруженным

Many people feel overwhelmed at work.

to plan ahead — планировать заранее

Good managers always plan ahead.

to stay organized — быть организованным

Lists help me stay organized.

to set goals — ставить цели

It’s important to set realistic goals.

to save time — экономить время

Technology can help you save time.

to spend time on — тратить время на

I try not to spend too much time on emails.

to handle tasks — справляться с задачами

She handles multiple tasks every day.

to meet a deadline — уложиться в срок

We must meet the deadline.

urgent — срочный

This task is urgent.

important — важный

Some tasks are important but not urgent.

to get distracted — отвлекаться

It’s easy to get distracted by social media.

to manage workload — управлять рабочей нагрузкой

Learning to manage workload reduces stress.

productive — продуктивный

I feel productive in the morning.

to avoid procrastination — избегать прокрастинации

Planning helps avoid procrastination.

Грамматический фокус

Future forms: going to для планов

Конструкция be going to используется, когда мы говорим о планах и намерениях.

I am going to finish this report tonight.

She is going to start a new project next week.

We are going to organize our tasks better.

He is going to change his schedule.

They are going to plan the meeting tomorrow.

Текст

Why Time Management Is Important

Many people feel that they don’t have enough time during the day. Work, study, family responsibilities, and personal interests all compete for our attention. Without good time management, it is easy to feel stressed and overwhelmed.

One of the most useful strategies is prioritizing tasks. Not all tasks are equally important. Some tasks are urgent and require immediate attention, while others can wait. Learning to recognize the difference helps people focus on what truly matters.

Planning ahead is another important skill. Many successful professionals start their day by writing a list of tasks and setting clear goals. This simple habit helps them stay organized and avoid procrastination.

Distractions are one of the biggest problems in modern life. Social media, emails, and notifications can interrupt your concentration many times during the day. Even short interruptions can reduce productivity.

Good time management doesn’t mean working all the time. Taking short breaks actually helps people stay productive and focused. When you manage your workload effectively, you have more time for rest, hobbies, and spending time with family.

In the end, time management is not only about work. It is about creating a balanced and satisfying life.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

deadline, prioritize, distracted, tasks, save time, urgent, plan ahead

I have a ______ tomorrow, so I must finish the report today.

You should ______ your work before starting.

Checking your phone often can make you ______.

I usually write a list of ______ every morning.

Using technology can help you ______.

This problem is very ______ and needs attention.

Successful people usually ______ and think about the future.

Grammar practice

Используйте going to.

I ______ (finish) this project tonight.

She ______ (organize) her schedule tomorrow.

We ______ (start) the meeting at 10 a.m.

He ______ (change) his daily routine.

They ______ (plan) their tasks for next week.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Мне нужно закончить этот проект до дедлайна.

Важно расставлять приоритеты в работе.

Он собирается изменить свой график.

Мы планируем задачи на завтра.

Я стараюсь не отвлекаться во время работы.

Вопросы для обсуждения

Do you usually plan your day in advance?

What distractions reduce your productivity?

Do you prefer working with a schedule or spontaneously?

What helps you avoid procrastination?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

How I Manage My Time

Опишите, как вы планируете свой день и какие методы помогают вам быть продуктивным.

Используйте минимум 4 слова из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

deadline

prioritize

distracted

tasks

save time

urgent

plan ahead

Grammar practice

am going to finish

is going to organize

are going to start

is going to change

are going to plan

Translation

I need to finish this project before the deadline.

It is important to prioritize your work.

He is going to change his schedule.

We are going to plan our tasks for tomorrow.

I try not to get distracted while working.

Work-Life Balance

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

work-life balance — баланс между работой и личной жизнью

Many people struggle to maintain a healthy work-life balance.

to feel exhausted — чувствовать себя измотанным

After a long week at work, I feel exhausted.

burnout — эмоциональное выгорание

Too much stress at work can lead to burnout.

to recharge — восстановить силы

I like to spend weekends in nature to recharge.

to set boundaries — устанавливать границы

It’s important to set boundaries between work and personal life.

flexible schedule — гибкий график

Many companies offer a flexible schedule.

remote work — удалённая работа

Remote work has become more common in recent years.

to disconnect from work — отключаться от работы

It’s difficult to disconnect from work in the evening.

free time — свободное время

I try to spend my free time with family.

to relax — расслабляться

Listening to music helps me relax.

to spend time with — проводить время с

I enjoy spending time with my friends.

mental health — психическое здоровье

Work-life balance is important for mental health.

to reduce stress — уменьшать стресс

Exercise helps reduce stress.

to maintain balance — поддерживать баланс

It’s not always easy to maintain balance.

to take time off — брать выходной / отпуск

I decided to take some time off next week.

personal life — личная жизнь

Your job should not control your personal life.

workload — рабочая нагрузка

Her workload increased last month.

to switch off — отключаться, переставать думать о работе

It’s important to switch off after work.

Грамматический фокус

Модальные глаголы: should / shouldn’t (советы и рекомендации)

Мы используем should и shouldn’t, когда даём советы или рекомендации.

You should take regular breaks.

You shouldn’t work late every night.

People should spend more time with their families.

Employees should set clear boundaries.

You shouldn’t ignore signs of stress.

Текст

Finding Balance in a Busy World

In modern society, many people work long hours and feel constant pressure to be productive. Because of this, maintaining a healthy work-life balance has become more important than ever.

When work takes too much time and energy, people may start to feel exhausted. Over time, this can lead to burnout. Burnout affects not only productivity but also mental and physical health.

One solution is learning how to set boundaries. For example, some people decide not to check work emails in the evening or during weekends. This simple rule helps them disconnect from work and focus on their personal lives.

Flexible schedules and remote work have also changed the way people organize their time. For many employees, working from home allows them to manage their daily responsibilities more effectively. However, it can also make it harder to switch off after work.

Experts often say that rest is not a luxury — it is a necessity. Taking breaks, exercising, and spending time with friends and family helps people recharge and reduce stress.

Ultimately, work is an important part of life, but it should not replace life itself. Finding balance helps people stay healthier, happier, and more productive in the long term.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

burnout, relax, boundaries, workload, recharge, free time, remote work

Too much stress can lead to ______.

It’s important to ______ after a long day.

Employees should set clear ______ between work and personal life.

Her ______ increased this month.

Weekends help people ______.

I like spending my ______ with family and friends.

Many companies now offer ______.

Grammar practice

Используйте should или shouldn’t.

You ______ work every weekend.

People ______ take breaks during the day.

Employees ______ ignore stress and fatigue.

You ______ spend time with your family.

Companies ______ support their workers’ mental health.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Важно поддерживать баланс между работой и личной жизнью.

Тебе стоит больше отдыхать.

Он решил взять несколько выходных.

Мы стараемся проводить больше времени с семьёй.

Она чувствует себя измотанной после работы.

Вопросы для обсуждения

Do you think people work too much today?

What helps you relax after a long day?

Is remote work better than working in an office? Why?

How can people maintain a healthy work-life balance?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

My Ideal Work-Life Balance

Опишите, каким вы видите идеальный баланс между работой и личной жизнью.

Используйте минимум 4 слова из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

burnout

relax

boundaries

workload

recharge

free time

remote work

Grammar practice

shouldn’t

should

shouldn’t

should

should

Translation

It is important to maintain a work-life balance.

You should rest more.

He decided to take some time off.

We try to spend more time with our family.

She feels exhausted after work.

Communication Skills

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

communication — общение, коммуникация

Good communication is important in every job.

to express ideas — выражать идеи

It’s important to express your ideas clearly.

to listen carefully — внимательно слушать

Good leaders listen carefully to their team.

to misunderstand — неправильно понять

People often misunderstand messages in emails.

body language — язык тела

Body language can show how a person feels.

eye contact — зрительный контакт

Eye contact shows confidence and attention.

tone of voice — тон голоса

Your tone of voice can change the meaning of a sentence.

to interrupt — перебивать

It’s rude to interrupt someone while they are speaking.

to clarify — уточнять

She asked a question to clarify the situation.

to give feedback — давать обратную связь

Managers should give helpful feedback.

to respond — отвечать

He responded politely to the question.

to explain clearly — ясно объяснять

Teachers must explain clearly.

to ask questions — задавать вопросы

Good communication includes asking questions.

to avoid conflict — избегать конфликтов

Clear communication helps avoid conflict.

to share opinions — делиться мнениями

Everyone should have a chance to share their opinions.

conversation — разговор

We had an interesting conversation yesterday.

to make a point — донести мысль

She tried to make an important point.

mutual understanding — взаимопонимание

Good communication leads to mutual understanding.

Грамматический фокус

Reported Speech (введение)

Reported speech используется, когда мы передаём слова другого человека.

Direct speech:

She said: «I am busy.»

Reported speech:

She said that she was busy.

Примеры:

He said that he needed help.

She said that the meeting was important.

They said that they were ready.

The teacher said that communication skills were important.

Текст

Why Communication Skills Matter

Communication is one of the most important skills in both professional and personal life. People communicate every day — at work, with friends, and with family members. However, effective communication is not always easy.

One important skill is active listening. Many people focus more on speaking than on listening. But listening carefully helps you understand other people’s ideas and feelings. It also helps avoid misunderstandings.

Another key part of communication is clarity. When people express their ideas clearly, conversations become more productive. This is especially important at work, where unclear messages can lead to mistakes.

Body language also plays an important role in communication. Eye contact, facial expressions, and gestures often communicate emotions more strongly than words. For example, a confident posture can make a person seem more trustworthy.

Feedback is another important element. Constructive feedback helps people improve and grow. It should be respectful and specific. Instead of criticizing someone, it is better to explain what could be improved.

Finally, good communication requires patience and respect. People should listen carefully, avoid interrupting, and try to understand different perspectives. When communication is open and honest, it leads to stronger relationships and better teamwork.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

clarify, interrupt, feedback, express ideas, body language, misunderstand, conversation

It’s rude to ______ someone during a discussion.

Teachers should help students ______ clearly.

He asked a question to ______ the situation.

Good ______ helps people improve.

Sometimes people ______ messages in emails.

______ can show emotions without words.

We had an interesting ______ yesterday.

Grammar practice

Преобразуйте предложения в reported speech.

She said: «I am tired.»

He said: «The meeting is important.»

She said: «I need help.»

They said: «We are ready.»

The teacher said: «Communication skills are important.»

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Важно внимательно слушать людей.

Она сказала, что встреча важна.

Хорошее общение помогает избегать конфликтов.

Он попытался ясно объяснить свою идею.

Мы обсуждали проблему вчера.

Вопросы для обсуждения

What makes someone a good communicator?

Is it more important to speak well or to listen well?

How can body language influence communication?

Do misunderstandings often happen in online communication?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

A Difficult Conversation

Опишите ситуацию, когда вам пришлось вести сложный разговор.

Что помогло вам лучше понять другого человека?

Используйте минимум 4 слова из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

interrupt

express ideas

clarify

feedback

misunderstand

body language

conversation

Grammar practice

She said that she was tired.

He said that the meeting was important.

She said that she needed help.

They said that they were ready.

The teacher said that communication skills were important.

Translation

It is important to listen carefully to people.

She said that the meeting was important.

Good communication helps avoid conflict.

He tried to explain his idea clearly.

We discussed the problem yesterday.

Friendships and Relationships

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

friendship — дружба

Their friendship has lasted for many years.

relationship — отношения

Healthy relationships require trust.

to trust someone — доверять кому-то

I trust my best friend completely.

to support — поддерживать

Good friends support each other.

to get along with — ладить с

I get along well with my colleagues.

to have something in common — иметь что-то общее

We became friends because we had many things in common.

to argue — спорить

They sometimes argue, but they always solve their problems.

to make up — помириться

After the argument, they made up quickly.

to stay in touch — поддерживать связь

We stay in touch even though we live in different countries.

to grow apart — отдаляться друг от друга

Some friends grow apart over time.

to rely on someone — полагаться на кого-то

You can rely on your true friends.

to share experiences — делиться опытом

Friends often share experiences and memories.

to spend time together — проводить время вместе

We enjoy spending time together.

to build trust — строить доверие

Honesty helps build trust in relationships.

to apologize — извиняться

He apologized for his mistake.

to forgive — прощать

Learning to forgive is important in relationships.

close friend — близкий друг

She is one of my closest friends.

long-distance friendship — дружба на расстоянии

Technology helps maintain long-distance friendships.

Грамматический фокус

Present Perfect для жизненного опыта

Present Perfect часто используется, когда мы говорим о жизненном опыте без указания точного времени.

I have met many interesting people.

She has known her best friend for ten years.

We have shared many memories together.

They have stayed in touch since university.

I have learned a lot from my friendships.

Текст

What Makes a Strong Friendship

Friendship is one of the most important parts of life. Good friends support each other during both happy and difficult moments. They share experiences, give advice, and help us feel less alone.

One of the most important elements of friendship is trust. When people trust each other, they feel comfortable sharing their thoughts and feelings. Trust takes time to build, but it can be lost very quickly if someone breaks it.

Another important factor is communication. Friends should be able to talk openly about their opinions and problems. Sometimes disagreements happen, but honest conversations help people solve conflicts and understand each other better.

Over time, friendships can change. Some friends stay close for many years, while others slowly grow apart. This is a natural part of life. People change, move to different places, or develop new interests.

However, strong friendships often survive these changes. Many people maintain long-distance friendships thanks to modern technology. Messaging apps and video calls make it easier to stay in touch.

In the end, friendship is not about how often you see someone. It is about trust, respect, and the ability to rely on each other when it really matters.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

trust, stay in touch, argue, support, grow apart, apologize, get along with

Good friends ______ each other in difficult situations.

It’s important to ______ after moving to another city.

They sometimes ______ but they always solve their problems.

I really ______ my best friend.

He decided to ______ for his mistake.

Some friends ______ as their lives change.

I ______ my classmates very well.

Grammar practice

Поставьте глагол в Present Perfect.

I ______ (know) my best friend for ten years.

We ______ (share) many great memories.

She ______ (meet) many new people at university.

They ______ (stay) in touch since school.

I ______ (learn) a lot from my friendships.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Мы знакомы уже много лет.

Хорошие друзья поддерживают друг друга.

Иногда люди отдаляются друг от друга.

Он извинился за свою ошибку.

Мы стараемся поддерживать связь.

Вопросы для обсуждения

What qualities make someone a good friend?

Is it easy to maintain long-distance friendships?

Do friendships change over time? Why?

How important is trust in relationships?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

My Best Friend

Опишите своего лучшего друга и ваши отношения.

Расскажите, как вы познакомились и что делает вашу дружбу особенной.

Используйте минимум 4 слова из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

support

stay in touch

argue

trust

apologize

grow apart

get along with

Grammar practice

have known

have shared

has met

have stayed

have learned

Translation

We have known each other for many years.

Good friends support each other.

Sometimes people grow apart.

He apologized for his mistake.

We try to stay in touch.

Family Life

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

family member — член семьи

Every family member has different responsibilities.

to raise children — воспитывать детей

Raising children is a big responsibility.

generation — поколение

Different generations often have different views.

to take care of — заботиться о

She takes care of her younger brother.

to grow up — вырастать, взрослеть

I grew up in a small town.

household chores — домашние обязанности

Children should help with household chores.

to spend time together — проводить время вместе

We try to spend time together on weekends.

to support each other — поддерживать друг друга

Families should support each other in difficult times.

to get along — ладить

My siblings and I usually get along well.

to argue — спорить

Family members sometimes argue.

to solve problems — решать проблемы

Communication helps families solve problems.

to give advice — давать советы

Parents often give advice to their children.

to respect — уважать

It’s important to respect your parents.

family traditions — семейные традиции

Our family traditions include holiday dinners.

to move out — съезжать от родителей

Many young people move out after university.

to stay close — оставаться близкими

Even after moving away, they stay close.

relative — родственник

I have many relatives in different cities.

extended family — расширенная семья (бабушки, дедушки, тёти и т.д.)

We meet our extended family during holidays.

Грамматический фокус

Used to — привычные действия в прошлом

Конструкция used to используется, когда мы говорим о привычках или ситуациях в прошлом, которые сейчас изменились.

I used to live with my parents.

We used to have dinner together every evening.

She used to visit her grandparents every summer.

My family used to travel a lot when I was a child.

People used to spend more time together before smartphones.

Текст

How Family Life Is Changing

Family life has changed a lot in recent decades. In the past, many families lived together in large households that included grandparents, parents, and children. Today, smaller families are more common.

Modern lifestyles have influenced the way families spend time together. Many parents work full-time, and children have busy schedules with school and activities. As a result, families sometimes have less time to communicate and relax together.

However, family relationships remain very important. Many families try to maintain traditions, such as eating dinner together or celebrating holidays with relatives. These traditions help people feel connected and strengthen family bonds.

Technology has also changed family life. On the one hand, smartphones and social media can distract people and reduce face-to-face communication. On the other hand, technology makes it easier to stay in touch with relatives who live far away.

Another big change is independence. Many young adults move out and start living on their own earlier than previous generations. Even so, family support remains essential during important moments in life.

In the end, every family is different, but respect, communication, and support are important in all families.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

chores, relatives, take care of, grow up, traditions, get along, support

Children should help with household ______.

My grandparents are my closest ______.

Parents always ______ their children.

I ______ in a small city near the mountains.

Families often have special holiday ______.

My sister and I usually ______ well.

Older siblings sometimes ______ younger ones.

Grammar practice

Используйте used to.

We ______ (live) in the same house as our grandparents.

I ______ (visit) my cousins every summer.

My family ______ (have) dinner together every evening.

She ______ (play) outside with friends after school.

People ______ (spend) more time talking face-to-face.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Моя семья всегда поддерживает меня.

Мы стараемся проводить больше времени вместе.

Раньше мы часто навещали наших родственников.

Он вырос в большом городе.

Важно уважать членов своей семьи.

Вопросы для обсуждения

What family traditions are important in your family?

Do you think family life is different today than in the past?

Is it better to live with family or independently?

How often do you see your relatives?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

My Family

Опишите свою семью и ваши отношения.

Расскажите о семейных традициях или о том, как вы проводите время вместе.

Используйте минимум 4 слова из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

chores

relatives

support

grew up

traditions

get along

take care of

Grammar practice

used to live

used to visit

used to have

used to play

used to spend

Translation

My family always supports me.

We try to spend more time together.

We used to visit our relatives often.

He grew up in a big city.

It is important to respect your family members.

Personality and Character

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

personality — личность, характер

Her personality makes her very approachable.

character — характер

Honesty is an important part of his character.

introvert — интроверт

An introvert often prefers quiet environments.

extrovert — экстраверт

Extroverts enjoy social gatherings.

confident — уверенный

She feels confident when giving presentations.

shy — застенчивый

He is shy and doesn’t like speaking in public.

friendly — дружелюбный

Our new neighbor is very friendly.

honest — честный

Honest people are easy to trust.

kind — добрый

A kind gesture can make someone’s day.

generous — щедрый

He is generous with his time and money.

selfish — эгоистичный

Being selfish can damage relationships.

responsible — ответственный

She is responsible and always completes her tasks.

reliable — надёжный

You can rely on him in any situation.

ambitious — амбициозный

Ambitious people often set high goals.

patient — терпеливый

Teachers need to be patient with students.

impulsive — импульсивный

Impulsive decisions can lead to mistakes.

open-minded — открытый к новым идеям

Open-minded people enjoy learning about other cultures.

stubborn — упрямый

He is stubborn and rarely changes his opinion.

Грамматический фокус

Comparatives and Superlatives

Comparatives используются для сравнения двух людей или вещей, superlatives — для выделения наибольшей характеристики.

She is more confident than her sister.

He is less shy than before.

This student is the most ambitious in the class.

My friend is friendlier than I expected.

Among my colleagues, she is the kindest.

Текст

Understanding Personality and Character

Personality and character shape the way people behave, make decisions, and interact with others. Everyone has a unique combination of traits that influence their daily life.

Some people are introverts, enjoying quiet and reflection, while others are extroverts, energized by social interactions. Confident people often take leadership roles, whereas shy individuals may prefer to observe before speaking.

Kindness, honesty, and generosity are qualities that strengthen relationships. Reliable and responsible people are trusted by friends and colleagues. On the other hand, selfish or impulsive behavior can create conflicts and misunderstandings.

People also differ in ambition, patience, and openness to new experiences. An open-minded person is willing to try new things and learn from others. A stubborn person may find it hard to compromise, even when it would be helpful.

Understanding personality helps us improve our relationships and work better with others. It also helps us understand ourselves. By recognizing our strengths and weaknesses, we can make better choices and develop our character over time.

Finally, personality is not fixed. People can change and grow. With experience and self-reflection, it is possible to become more confident, patient, and open-minded.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

confident, introvert, generous, stubborn, reliable, kind, ambitious

She is very ______ and always helps others.

He is a quiet ______ who enjoys reading.

My brother is ______ and rarely changes his mind.

Good friends are ______ and you can always rely on them.

Teachers should be ______ with students.

She is very ______ and wants to achieve a lot.

Public speakers need to feel ______ in front of an audience.

Grammar practice

Используйте comparatives и superlatives.

My sister is ______ (friendly) than my brother.

He is the ______ (honest) person I know.

I feel ______ (confident) today than yesterday.

Among my classmates, she is the ______ (ambitious).

This student is ______ (patient) than the other one.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Он очень дружелюбный и честный.

Она более уверена, чем раньше.

Мой друг очень щедрый.

Я считаю её самой амбициозной студенткой в группе.

Учитель должен быть терпеливым.

Вопросы для обсуждения

Which personality traits do you value most in friends?

Are introverts or extroverts better leaders? Why?

Can people change their character over time?

How do personality differences affect teamwork?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

Describe a Person You Admire

Опишите человека, которого вы уважаете, и его характер.

Используйте минимум 4 слова из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

kind

introvert

stubborn

reliable

patient

ambitious

confident

Grammar practice

friendlier

honest

more confident

the most ambitious

more patient

Translation

He is very friendly and honest.

She is more confident than before.

My friend is very generous.

I consider her the most ambitious student in the class.

A teacher should be patient.

Emotions and Feelings

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

emotion — эмоция

Different emotions can affect our decisions.

feeling — чувство

I had a strange feeling yesterday.

happy — счастливый

She felt happy when she received good news.

sad — грустный

He was sad after the movie ended.

angry — злой, сердитый

I get angry when people lie.

frustrated — расстроенный, раздражённый

She felt frustrated because of the traffic jam.

excited — взволнованный, радостно возбужденный

The children were excited about the trip.

nervous — нервный

He was nervous before the presentation.

relieved — испытывающий облегчение

I was relieved when the exam was over.

anxious — тревожный

She felt anxious about the interview.

to express feelings — выражать чувства

It’s important to express your feelings honestly.

to cope with — справляться с

He learned how to cope with stress.

to cheer up — поднять настроение

A friend helped me cheer up after a bad day.

to be in a good mood — быть в хорошем настроении

Music makes me be in a good mood.

to be in a bad mood — быть в плохом настроении

He is in a bad mood because of work.

to feel overwhelmed — быть перегруженным эмоциями

She felt overwhelmed by all the tasks.

to comfort someone — утешать

Parents often comfort their children when they are sad.

to get upset — расстраиваться

He gets upset when he makes mistakes.

Грамматический фокус

Adjectives + prepositions to describe emotions

Многие прилагательные о чувствах требуют определённого предлога.

afraid of — бояться чего-либо

She is afraid of spiders.

interested in — интересоваться чем-либо

He is interested in photography.

good at — хорошо в чём-то

She is good at solving problems.

angry about / with — злой на что-либо / на кого-либо

I’m angry about the situation.

He is angry with his brother.

excited about — взволнован по поводу

They are excited about the trip.

Текст

Understanding and Expressing Emotions

Emotions are a natural part of human life. Everyone experiences a wide range of feelings every day — from happiness and excitement to frustration and anxiety. Learning to recognize and express emotions is important for mental health and relationships.

Happiness is often connected with positive experiences, like spending time with friends, achieving goals, or receiving good news. On the other hand, sadness or anger can appear when something goes wrong or expectations are not met. Feeling frustrated or overwhelmed is also normal, especially when life is busy.

Expressing feelings is healthier than keeping them inside. People can talk to friends, write in a journal, or engage in hobbies to cope with emotions. Comforting someone who is sad or cheering up a friend are ways to strengthen relationships.

Emotions can also affect behavior. For example, nervousness before a presentation may make someone speak too quickly, while excitement can boost energy and confidence. Being aware of your feelings helps you manage reactions and communicate more effectively.

Finally, understanding emotions helps us understand others. Empathy — the ability to feel what another person feels — is essential in friendships, family life, and work. People who can express emotions honestly and listen to others usually have stronger, healthier relationships.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

happy, anxious, cope with, cheer up, angry, overwhelmed, comfort

She felt ______ because of the traffic jam.

He was ______ before the job interview.

It’s important to learn how to ______ stress.

A friend helped me ______ after a bad day.

I get ______ when people are dishonest.

She felt ______ with too many tasks at work.

Parents often ______ their children when they are sad.

Grammar practice

Используйте прилагательные с правильным предлогом.

She is afraid ______ spiders.

He is interested ______ photography.

She is good ______ solving problems.

I am angry ______ the delay.

They are excited ______ the upcoming trip.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Я чувствую себя счастливым, когда провожу время с друзьями.

Он расстроен из-за экзамена.

Она умеет справляться со стрессом.

Мы стараемся утешать друзей, когда они грустят.

Я очень нервничаю перед презентацией.

Вопросы для обсуждения

Which emotions do you feel most often during the day?

How do you usually cope with stress or frustration?

Is it easy for you to express your feelings to others?

How can understanding emotions improve relationships?

Творческое задание

Напишите короткий текст (5–7 предложений) на тему:

A Day of Different Emotions

Опишите день, когда вы испытали разные эмоции.

Используйте минимум 4 слова из новой лексики.

Ключи

Fill in the gaps

frustrated

nervous

cope with

cheer up

angry

overwhelmed

comfort

Grammar practice

of

in

at

about

about

Translation

I feel happy when I spend time with friends.

He is upset about the exam.

She knows how to cope with stress.

We try to comfort friends when they are sad.

I am very nervous before a presentation.

Health and Well-being

Лексика (Key Vocabulary)

health — здоровье

Good health is essential for a happy life.

well-being — благополучие, хорошее самочувствие

Meditation helps improve mental well-being.

to exercise — заниматься спортом

I try to exercise three times a week.

balanced diet — сбалансированная диета

A balanced diet includes fruits, vegetables, and proteins.

to eat healthily — питаться правильно

It’s important to eat healthily every day.

to sleep well — хорошо спать

Children need to sleep well for proper growth.

stress — стресс

Stress can affect both mental and physical health.

to reduce stress — уменьшать стресс

Yoga and deep breathing help reduce stress.

mental health — психическое здоровье

Mental health is as important as physical health.

physical health — физическое здоровье

Regular exercise improves physical health.

to relax — расслабляться

Listening to music helps me relax.

to avoid unhealthy habits — избегать вредных привычек

It’s important to avoid unhealthy habits like smoking.

to stay active — поддерживать активность

Walking every day helps me stay active.

to visit a doctor — посещать врача

You should visit a doctor for regular check-ups.

illness — болезнь

Eating poorly can increase the risk of illness.

to recover — выздоравливать

He recovered quickly after the flu.

immune system — иммунная система

Vitamin C strengthens the immune system.

wellness routine — привычки для здоровья и самочувствия

A good wellness routine includes exercise and relaxation.

Грамматический фокус

Should / shouldn’t — советы для здоровья

Мы используем should и shouldn’t, чтобы давать рекомендации.

You should eat more vegetables.

You shouldn’t skip breakfast.

People should exercise regularly.

You shouldn’t ignore mental health.

We should get enough sleep every night.

Текст

Maintaining Health and Well-being

Health and well-being are essential parts of a happy life. Physical health involves taking care of the body through exercise, a balanced diet, and enough sleep. Mental health is equally important, as stress, anxiety, and negative emotions can affect the body as well as the mind.

Regular exercise is one of the best ways to stay active and reduce stress. It strengthens muscles, improves heart health, and helps the immune system. Eating healthily is another key factor. A balanced diet provides the nutrients needed for energy and overall wellness.

Sleep plays an important role in recovery and concentration. People who sleep well are generally more productive and feel better throughout the day. Avoiding unhealthy habits, such as smoking, excessive alcohol, or junk food, is also essential for maintaining health.

Relaxation and mindfulness help people manage stress. Meditation, yoga, or spending time in nature can improve mental well-being. Maintaining a wellness routine that combines physical activity, good nutrition, and mental care leads to a happier, healthier life.

Finally, prevention is better than cure. Regular check-ups and visits to a doctor help detect potential health problems early. Taking care of your health is not just about avoiding illness — it’s about living life to the fullest.

Упражнения

Fill in the gaps

Используйте слова из списка.

exercise, sleep well, reduce stress, balanced diet, avoid unhealthy habits, recover, wellness routine

Regular ______ helps keep your body strong.

Children need to ______ to grow properly.

Meditation can help ______.

Eating a ______ is important for energy and health.

It is important to ______ like smoking and junk food.

He quickly ______ after a cold.

A good ______ includes exercise, healthy food, and relaxation.

Grammar practice

Используйте should / shouldn’t.

You ______ (eat) more fruits and vegetables.

People ______ (skip) breakfast if they want to stay healthy.

We ______ (exercise) at least three times a week.

You ______ (ignore) mental health problems.

Children ______ (sleep) enough every night.

Translation

Переведите на английский.

Важно правильно питаться и заниматься спортом.

Он быстро выздоровел после болезни.

Медитация помогает уменьшить стресс.

Мы стараемся спать достаточно каждую ночь.

Следует избегать вредных привычек.

Вопросы для обсуждения

What do you do to stay healthy?

How do you reduce stress in your daily life?

Why is mental health as important as physical health?