Бесплатный фрагмент - Английский для IT-специалистов

Предисловие

Работа в IT может быть увлекательной, но она часто сопровождается сложными задачами, быстрыми изменениями и необходимостью постоянного общения с командой и клиентами. Эта книга создана, чтобы помочь вам не только улучшить знание английского, но и уверенно справляться с реальными ситуациями в профессиональной среде.

Каждая глава посвящена конкретной теме, с которой сталкивается специалист в IT: от общения с коллегами и планирования задач до работы с клиентами и решения проблем с системой. Простые слова и выражения, практические примеры и небольшие упражнения помогут освоить профессиональный словарь и улучшить навыки общения на английском.

Особое внимание уделено реальным сценариям, которые встречаются в ежедневной работе. Чтение, практика грамматики, упражнения на словарный запас и проверка понимания помогут закрепить новые знания и применять их сразу на практике.

Эта книга — ваш помощник, который сделает английский инструментом, а не препятствием в профессиональной деятельности, позволит уверенно общаться, решать задачи и строить успешную карьеру в IT.

Working in IT

Word Power

1. work on

работать над чем-то (проектом, задачей)

I work on a mobile app.

Я работаю над мобильным приложением.

She works on a new feature.

Она работает над новой функцией.

2. be responsible for

быть ответственным за что-то

I am responsible for testing.

Я отвечаю за тестирование.

He is responsible for the database.

Он отвечает за базу данных.

3. fix a bug

исправить ошибку в программе

We need to fix a bug today.

Нам нужно исправить баг сегодня.

She fixed a bug in the system.

Она исправила ошибку в системе.

4. deadline

крайний срок сдачи

The deadline is tomorrow.

Дедлайн завтра.

We have a tight deadline.

У нас сжатые сроки.

Reading Text

Alex works in IT. He works on a web application for an international company. The company has clients in Europe and Asia.

Alex is a backend developer. He is responsible for the server and the database. Every day, he checks his tasks and works on new features. Sometimes he needs to fix a bug in the system. When he finds a problem, he fixes the bug and tests the solution.

This week, the team has an important deadline. They work on a new payment feature. Alex is responsible for the API. His colleague Maria works on the front end.

In the morning, they have a short meeting. Alex gives updates about his work. He says that he fixed a bug yesterday and now everything works well.

Alex likes working in IT. The job is sometimes stressful because of deadlines, but he enjoys solving problems and working on interesting projects.

Grammar Focus — Present Simple

Explanation

Present Simple is used for:

regular actions

facts

permanent responsibilities

Form:

I/You/We/They + verb

He/She/It + verb + s

Examples

I work in IT.

Я работаю в IT.

He works on a project.

Он работает над проектом.

She fixes bugs.

Она исправляет баги.

We have a deadline.

У нас есть дедлайн.

Exercise 1

Put the verb in the correct form:

Alex ______ (work) on a web application.

She ______ (fix) bugs.

They ______ (have) a deadline.

Exercise 2

Make negative sentences:

He works on the front end.

She fixes the database.

Check Your Understanding

What does Alex work on?

What is he responsible for?

Why is this week important for the team?

How does Alex feel about his job?

Do you like working with deadlines? Why or why not?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Be responsible for” means:

a) забыть о

b) отвечать за

c) искать

“Fix a bug” means:

a) создать ошибку

b) протестировать

c) исправить ошибку

A deadline is:

a) выходной

b) крайний срок

c) собрание

Exercise 2 — Matching

work on

deadline

fix a bug

be responsible for

a) быть ответственным

b) работать над

c) дедлайн

d) исправить ошибку

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about your job.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

works

fixes

have

Grammar Exercise 2

He does not (doesn’t) work on the front end.

She does not (doesn’t) fix the database.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — c

3 — b

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — b

2 — c

3 — d

4 — a

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

He works on a web application.

He is responsible for the server and the database.

Because they have an important deadline.

He likes his job but sometimes feels stressed.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I work on a mobile app.

I am responsible for testing.

Sometimes I fix a bug before the deadline.

My Job Responsibilities

Word Power

1. handle tasks

заниматься задачами, выполнять задачи

I handle support tasks every day.

Я занимаюсь задачами поддержки каждый день.

She handles complex technical tasks.

Она занимается сложными техническими задачами.

2. be in charge of

быть главным / отвечать за что-то

I am in charge of the testing process.

Я отвечаю за процесс тестирования.

He is in charge of the DevOps team.

Он отвечает за команду DevOps.

3. deal with

иметь дело с, разбираться с проблемами или людьми

I deal with client requests.

Я работаю с запросами клиентов.

She deals with production issues.

Она разбирается с проблемами на продакшене.

4. improve performance

улучшать производительность

We improve performance every sprint.

Мы улучшаем производительность каждый спринт.

He improves system performance.

Он улучшает производительность системы.

Reading Text

Dmitry works as a QA engineer in a software company. His job responsibilities are clear and structured. Every day, he handles tasks related to testing new features. He checks if everything works correctly before release.

Dmitry is in charge of manual testing. He also writes test cases and reports bugs. When developers fix problems, he tests the solution again. He deals with client feedback and verifies reported issues.

Sometimes Dmitry deals with urgent production issues. In this case, he works closely with developers and project managers. Communication is very important in his job.

Another part of his work is to improve performance. He suggests ideas to improve performance and make the product more stable. During sprint meetings, he explains what tasks he handles and what problems he deals with.

Dmitry likes his responsibilities because they are clear. He knows what he is in charge of, and he enjoys helping the team improve performance.

Grammar Focus — Present Continuous

Explanation

Present Continuous is used for:

actions happening now

temporary situations

current projects

Form:

am / is / are + verb + ing

Examples

I am testing a new feature.

Я тестирую новую функцию.

She is handling client requests.

Она занимается запросами клиентов.

They are improving performance.

Они улучшают производительность.

We are working on a release.

Мы работаем над релизом.

Exercise 1

Put the verb in Present Continuous:

He ______ (handle) support tasks.

They ______ (improve) system performance.

She ______ (deal) with a client issue.

Exercise 2

Make questions:

You are handling this task.

She is improving performance.

Check Your Understanding

What is Dmitry in charge of?

What does he handle every day?

Why is communication important in his job?

How does Dmitry feel about his responsibilities?

What responsibilities do you have at work?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Deal with” means:

a) избегать

b) разбираться с

c) удалять

“Be in charge of” means:

a) отвечать за

b) проверять

c) создавать

“Improve performance” means:

a) ухудшать систему

b) менять дизайн

c) улучшать производительность

Exercise 2 — Matching

handle tasks

be in charge of

deal with

improve performance

a) улучшать производительность

b) заниматься задачами

c) быть ответственным

d) разбираться с

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about your responsibilities.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

is handling

are improving

is dealing

Grammar Exercise 2

Are you handling this task?

Is she improving performance?

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — a

3 — c

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — b

2 — c

3 — d

4 — a

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

He is in charge of manual testing.

He handles testing tasks.

Because he works with developers, managers, and clients.

He likes his responsibilities because they are clear.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I handle testing tasks.

I am in charge of documentation.

I deal with client feedback and improve performance.

A Typical Workday

Word Power

1. log in

войти в систему, авторизоваться

I log in at 9 a.m. every day.

Я вхожу в систему в 9 утра каждый день.

She logs in to the company platform.

Она входит в корпоративную платформу.

2. check emails

проверять электронную почту

I check emails in the morning.

Я проверяю почту утром.

He checks emails after lunch.

Он проверяет почту после обеда.

3. attend a meeting

присутствовать на встрече

We attend a team meeting every day.

Мы посещаем командную встречу каждый день.

She attends an online meeting with clients.

Она участвует в онлайн-встрече с клиентами.

4. work on a task

работать над задачей

I work on a task from the backlog.

Я работаю над задачей из бэклога.

He works on an urgent task.

Он работает над срочной задачей.

Reading Text

Olga is a frontend developer. She works for an international IT company. Her typical workday starts at 9 a.m. First, she logs in to her computer and checks emails. She reads messages from her team and from clients.

At 9:30, Olga attends a daily meeting. During the meeting, she talks about what she is working on. She also listens to her colleagues. After the meeting, she works on a task from the sprint backlog. Sometimes she works on a new feature. Sometimes she fixes small problems.

In the afternoon, Olga checks emails again and answers important messages. If necessary, she attends another meeting with designers or project managers.

Before finishing her workday, she updates her tasks in the system. She likes her typical workday because it is structured. Every day she logs in, checks emails, attends meetings, and works on tasks with her team.

Grammar Focus — Adverbs of Frequency

Explanation

Adverbs of frequency show how often we do something.

Common adverbs:

always — всегда

usually — обычно

often — часто

sometimes — иногда

never — никогда

Adverbs usually go before the main verb:

I usually check emails.

After the verb “to be”:

She is always on time.

Examples

I usually log in at 9 a.m.

Я обычно вхожу в систему в 9 утра.

She often attends meetings.

Она часто посещает встречи.

We sometimes work on urgent tasks.

Мы иногда работаем над срочными задачами.

He never checks emails in the evening.

Он никогда не проверяет почту вечером.

Exercise 1

Put the adverb in the correct place:

I check emails. (usually)

She attends meetings. (often)

They are late. (never)

Exercise 2

Choose the correct option:

I ______ work late. (always / never)

She ______ logs in at 8 a.m. (often / never)

Check Your Understanding

What does Olga do first in the morning?

What does she do at 9:30?

Why does she check emails in the afternoon?

Why does Olga like her workday?

What do you usually do at the start of your workday?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Log in” means:

a) выйти

b) войти в систему

c) удалить

“Attend a meeting” means:

a) пропустить встречу

b) организовать встречу

c) присутствовать на встрече

“Check emails” means:

a) писать код

b) проверять почту

c) звонить клиенту

Exercise 2 — Matching

log in

check emails

attend a meeting

work on a task

a) работать над задачей

b) проверять почту

c) войти в систему

d) присутствовать на встрече

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about your typical workday.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

I usually check emails.

She often attends meetings.

They are never late.

Grammar Exercise 2

always (possible answer; student’s own answer is acceptable)

often

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — c

3 — b

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — c

2 — b

3 — d

4 — a

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

She logs in and checks emails.

She attends a daily meeting.

To answer important messages.

Because it is structured.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I log in at 10 a.m.

I check emails and attend a meeting.

Then I work on a task from the backlog.

Working Remotely

Word Power

1. work from home

работать из дома

I work from home three days a week.

Я работаю из дома три дня в неделю.

She works from home on Fridays.

Она работает из дома по пятницам.

2. stay connected

оставаться на связи

We stay connected through Slack.

Мы остаёмся на связи через Slack.

It is important to stay connected with the team.

Важно оставаться на связи с командой.

3. join a call

подключаться к звонку / созвону

I join a call at 10 a.m.

Я подключаюсь к звонку в 10 утра.

She joins a call with the client.

Она подключается к звонку с клиентом.

4. manage time

управлять временем

You need to manage time well.

Нужно хорошо управлять временем.

He manages time effectively.

Он эффективно управляет временем.

Reading Text

Sergey is a software developer. He works from home full-time. His company does not have a physical office. All employees work remotely from different cities and countries.

Every morning, Sergey logs in and checks his tasks. It is important for him to manage time carefully because nobody controls his schedule. He creates a daily plan and follows it.

At 10 a.m., he joins a call with his team. They discuss current tasks and problems. During the day, they stay connected through chat and video calls. If someone has a question, they write a message or join a call.

Sometimes it is difficult to work from home. There can be distractions. That is why Sergey tries to manage time and organize his workspace.

He likes working remotely because he saves time on commuting. He can also stay connected with colleagues and work from home in a comfortable environment.

Grammar Focus — Modal Verb «can»

Explanation

“Can” is used to talk about:

ability

possibility

permission (informal)

Form:

Subject + can + verb (base form)

Examples

I can work from home.

Я могу работать из дома.

We can join a call now.

Мы можем подключиться к звонку сейчас.

She can manage her time well.

Она может хорошо управлять своим временем.

You can stay connected online.

Ты можешь оставаться на связи онлайн.

Exercise 1

Complete the sentences with “can”:

I ______ work remotely.

We ______ join a call at 11 a.m.

She ______ manage her schedule.

Exercise 2

Make negative sentences:

I can join the call.

She can manage time well.

Check Your Understanding

Where does Sergey work?

What does he do at 10 a.m.?

Why is it important for him to manage time?

What are the advantages of working remotely for Sergey?

Do you prefer working from home or from an office? Why?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Stay connected” means:

a) потерять связь

b) оставаться на связи

c) закрыть проект

“Join a call” means:

a) завершить звонок

b) подключиться к звонку

c) отменить встречу

“Manage time” means:

a) тратить время

b) планировать отпуск

c) управлять временем

Exercise 2 — Matching

work from home

stay connected

join a call

manage time

a) управлять временем

b) работать из дома

c) подключаться к звонку

d) оставаться на связи

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about remote work.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

can

can

can

Grammar Exercise 2

I cannot (can’t) join the call.

She cannot (can’t) manage time well.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — b

3 — c

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — b

2 — d

3 — c

4 — a

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

He works from home.

He joins a call with his team.

Because nobody controls his schedule.

He saves time and works in a comfortable environment.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I work from home three days a week.

I join a call every morning.

I try to manage time and stay connected with my team.

Daily Stand-Up Meeting

Word Power

1. give an update

давать обновление, рассказывать о текущем статусе

I give an update every morning.

Я даю обновление каждое утро.

She gives an update about her tasks.

Она рассказывает о своих задачах.

2. be blocked

быть заблокированным (из-за проблемы)

I am blocked by a technical issue.

Я заблокирован из-за технической проблемы.

He is blocked and needs help.

Он заблокирован и нуждается в помощи.

3. discuss progress

обсуждать прогресс

We discuss progress during the meeting.

Мы обсуждаем прогресс во время встречи.

The team discusses progress every day.

Команда обсуждает прогресс каждый день.

4. plan next steps

планировать следующие шаги

We plan next steps together.

Мы планируем следующие шаги вместе.

She plans next steps after the call.

Она планирует следующие шаги после звонка.

Reading Text

Every morning at 10 a.m., the team has a daily stand-up meeting. The meeting is short and usually lasts 15 minutes. All developers, QA engineers, and the project manager join the call.

During the stand-up, each team member gives an update. They talk about what they did yesterday and what they plan to do today. They also say if they are blocked.

Anna is a frontend developer. Today she gives an update about her tasks. Yesterday she worked on a new feature. Today she plans next steps and continues her work. She is not blocked.

Max is a backend developer. He says that he is blocked by a database issue. The team discusses progress and tries to help him. The project manager makes notes and plans next steps.

The daily stand-up meeting helps the team stay organized. They discuss progress, give updates, and plan next steps every day.

Grammar Focus — Past Simple (Regular Verbs)

Explanation

Past Simple is used for finished actions in the past.

For regular verbs:

verb + ed

Examples: worked, fixed, discussed, planned

Examples

I worked on a task yesterday.

Я работал над задачей вчера.

She planned next steps.

Она запланировала следующие шаги.

We discussed progress.

Мы обсудили прогресс.

He fixed the problem.

Он исправил проблему.

Exercise 1

Put the verb in Past Simple:

She ______ (work) on a feature.

We ______ (discuss) progress.

He ______ (plan) next steps.

Exercise 2

Make negative sentences:

She worked yesterday.

They discussed the problem.

Check Your Understanding

How long does the stand-up meeting usually last?

What does each team member do during the meeting?

Why is Max blocked?

How does the meeting help the team?

Do you have daily meetings at work? Why or why not?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Be blocked” means:

a) быть свободным

b) быть заблокированным

c) завершить работу

“Give an update” means:

a) удалить задачу

b) дать отчет о статусе

c) начать проект

“Plan next steps” means:

a) планировать следующие действия

b) отменить встречу

c) закончить проект

Exercise 2 — Matching

give an update

be blocked

discuss progress

plan next steps

a) обсуждать прогресс

b) быть заблокированным

c) давать обновление

d) планировать следующие шаги

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about your daily meeting.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

worked

discussed

planned

Grammar Exercise 2

She did not (didn’t) work yesterday.

They did not (didn’t) discuss the problem.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — b

3 — a

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — c

2 — b

3 — a

4 — d

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

It usually lasts 15 minutes.

They give an update and talk about their tasks.

He is blocked by a database issue.

It helps the team stay organized.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

In our stand-up, I give an update about my tasks.

Sometimes I am blocked and ask for help.

We discuss progress and plan next steps.

Talking About Tasks

Word Power

1. assign a task

назначать задачу

The manager assigns a task to me.

Менеджер назначает мне задачу.

She assigns tasks to the team.

Она назначает задачи команде.

2. complete a task

завершить задачу

I complete a task before the deadline.

Я завершаю задачу до дедлайна.

He completed the task yesterday.

Он завершил задачу вчера.

3. high priority

высокий приоритет

This task has high priority.

У этой задачи высокий приоритет.

We work on high priority tasks first.

Мы сначала работаем над задачами с высоким приоритетом.

4. postpone a task

отложить задачу

We postpone the task until next week.

Мы откладываем задачу до следующей недели.

She postponed the task because of a bug.

Она отложила задачу из-за бага.

Reading Text

Ivan is a junior developer in a fintech company. Every Monday, his team has a planning meeting. During the meeting, the project manager assigns tasks to the team members.

This week, Ivan receives three tasks. One task has high priority because it is related to payments. Ivan decides to complete this task first. He wants to complete the task before Friday.

Another task is less urgent. The team agrees to postpone the task until next sprint. Ivan makes notes in the task tracking system.

On Wednesday, Ivan finishes the high priority task. He informs his manager that he completed the task successfully. On Thursday, he starts working on the second task.

Sometimes it is difficult to choose which task to complete first. That is why the team discusses priorities together. When the manager assigns a task clearly and sets high priority, it is easier to plan the work and avoid stress.

Grammar Focus — Future with «will»

Explanation

We use “will” to talk about:

decisions made at the moment

future actions

promises

Form:

Subject + will + verb (base form)

Examples

I will complete the task today.

Я завершу задачу сегодня.

We will postpone the task.

Мы отложим задачу.

She will assign a new task.

Она назначит новую задачу.

They will work on high priority issues.

Они будут работать над задачами высокого приоритета.

Exercise 1

Complete the sentences with “will”:

I ______ complete the task tomorrow.

We ______ postpone the meeting.

She ______ assign a new task.

Exercise 2

Make questions:

You will complete the task.

They will postpone the task.

Check Your Understanding

How many tasks does Ivan receive?

Why does one task have high priority?

Why does the team postpone one task?

Why is it important to discuss priorities?

How do you decide which task to complete first?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Assign a task” means:

a) удалить задачу

b) назначить задачу

c) завершить задачу

“High priority” means:

a) низкий приоритет

b) важная задача

c) отмененная задача

“Postpone a task” means:

a) отложить задачу

b) начать задачу

c) проверить задачу

Exercise 2 — Matching

assign a task

complete a task

high priority

postpone a task

a) отложить задачу

b) высокий приоритет

c) завершить задачу

d) назначить задачу

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about your tasks this week.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

will

will

will

Grammar Exercise 2

Will you complete the task?

Will they postpone the task?

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — b

3 — a

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — d

2 — c

3 — b

4 — a

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

He receives three tasks.

Because it is related to payments.

Because it is less urgent.

To plan work better and reduce stress.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

This week my manager assigned a task to me.

It has high priority, so I will complete it first.

We will postpone other tasks if necessary.

Deadlines and Priorities

Word Power

1. meet a deadline

сдать работу в срок, уложиться в дедлайн

I must meet the deadline for the project.

Я должен уложиться в срок по проекту.

She met the deadline yesterday.

Она сдала работу в срок вчера.

2. set a priority

установить приоритет

We set priorities for the tasks every Monday.

Мы устанавливаем приоритеты для задач каждую неделю.

He sets a priority for the urgent task.

Он назначает приоритет срочной задаче.

3. urgent task

срочная задача

This is an urgent task, so we work on it first.

Это срочная задача, поэтому мы работаем над ней в первую очередь.

She finished an urgent task before lunch.

Она закончила срочную задачу до обеда.

4. plan ahead

планировать заранее

We plan ahead to avoid problems with deadlines.

Мы планируем заранее, чтобы избежать проблем с дедлайнами.

He plans ahead for the next sprint.

Он планирует заранее на следующий спринт.

Reading Text

Olga is a project manager in a software company. She is responsible for deadlines and priorities of her team. Every Monday, she plans ahead for the week. She sets priorities for all tasks and assigns urgent tasks first.

Today, Olga checks the progress of ongoing tasks. Some tasks are on time, and some are delayed. She talks with team members and asks about their deadlines. She helps them plan ahead if they feel overloaded.

Meeting a deadline is very important in IT projects. When a task has high priority, the team works on it first. Less urgent tasks are scheduled later. Olga always reminds her team to plan ahead and manage time carefully.

The team likes working with clear priorities. They know what is urgent and what can wait. Clear priorities and planning ahead help the team meet deadlines and reduce stress.

Grammar Focus — Present Perfect

Explanation

Present Perfect is used to talk about:

actions completed at an unspecified time before now

experiences and achievements

Form:

have / has + past participle

Examples

I have completed the urgent task.

Я завершил срочную задачу.

She has set priorities for the week.

Она установила приоритеты на неделю.

We have met all deadlines.

Мы уложились во все дедлайны.

He has planned ahead for next sprint.

Он спланировал заранее следующий спринт.

Exercise 1

Complete with Present Perfect:

I ______ (meet) the deadline.

She ______ (set) priorities for today.

We ______ (plan) ahead for the project.

Exercise 2

Make negative sentences:

He has completed the task.

They have met the deadline.

Check Your Understanding

Who is responsible for deadlines and priorities in Olga’s team?

What does she do every Monday?

Why is meeting a deadline important?

How does the team feel about clear priorities?

How do you plan ahead for your tasks?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Meet a deadline” means:

a) не успеть

b) сдать работу в срок

c) назначить задачу

“Urgent task” means:

a) срочная задача

b) отложенная задача

c) обычная задача

“Plan ahead” means:

a) планировать заранее

b) начинать задачу

c) завершать задачу

Exercise 2 — Matching

meet a deadline

set a priority

urgent task

plan ahead

a) планировать заранее

b) установить приоритет

c) уложиться в срок

d) срочная задача

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about your current tasks.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

have met

has set

have planned

Grammar Exercise 2

He has not (hasn’t) completed the task.

They have not (haven’t) met the deadline.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — a

3 — a

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — c

2 — b

3 — d

4 — a

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

Olga is responsible.

She plans ahead and sets priorities.

To complete projects on time.

They feel positive and organized.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I have met all urgent deadlines this week.

I set priorities for my tasks and plan ahead.

We work on high priority tasks first.

Asking for Help

Word Power

1. ask for help

попросить о помощи

I ask for help when I cannot solve a problem.

Я прошу о помощи, когда не могу решить проблему.

She asks for help from a senior developer.

Она обращается за помощью к старшему разработчику.

2. explain the problem

объяснять проблему

I explain the problem to my team.

Я объясняю проблему своей команде.

He explains the problem clearly.

Он чётко объясняет проблему.

3. provide guidance

давать рекомендации, инструкции

The manager provides guidance for the task.

Менеджер даёт рекомендации по задаче.

She provides guidance to new team members.

Она даёт инструкции новым членам команды.

4. support a colleague

поддерживать коллегу

I support a colleague when they need help.

Я поддерживаю коллегу, когда ему нужна помощь.

He supports his team during urgent tasks.

Он поддерживает команду во время срочных задач.

Reading Text

Alex is a software developer. Sometimes he faces technical problems that he cannot solve alone. In these situations, he asks for help from his colleagues or manager.

When Alex explains the problem clearly, it is easier for others to understand and provide guidance. He gives details about what he tried and what the error is. This helps the team give useful advice quickly.

Maria is a senior developer. She often provides guidance to junior colleagues. She listens carefully and supports them during difficult tasks. If someone is blocked, Maria explains the steps to solve the problem.

Asking for help is important in IT work. Nobody can do everything alone. Clear explanation, asking for help politely, and listening to guidance allow the team to solve problems faster and reduce stress.

Alex likes to support his colleagues too. When someone asks for help, he tries to give clear guidance and make the task easier.

Grammar Focus — Imperatives

Explanation

Imperatives are used to give:

commands

instructions

advice

Form: base verb (without “to”)

Examples

Ask for help when needed.

Просите о помощи, когда нужно.

Explain the problem clearly.

Объясняйте проблему чётко.

Provide guidance to your team.

Давайте рекомендации вашей команде.

Support a colleague during tasks.

Поддерживайте коллегу во время работы.

Exercise 1

Write imperatives:

(You / ask) for help politely.

(He / explain) the problem clearly.

(They / support) a colleague.

Exercise 2

Change the sentences into negative imperatives:

Ask for help.

Explain the problem.

Check Your Understanding

When does Alex ask for help?

How does he explain the problem?

How does Maria help her colleagues?

Why is asking for help important?

How do you usually ask for help at work?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Ask for help” means:

a) решить проблему самостоятельно

b) попросить о помощи

c) игнорировать задачу

“Provide guidance” means:

a) давать инструкции

b) отменить задачу

c) завершить проект

“Support a colleague” means:

a) помочь коллеге

b) критиковать коллегу

c) игнорировать задачу

Exercise 2 — Matching

ask for help

explain the problem

provide guidance

support a colleague

a) давать рекомендации

b) поддерживать коллегу

c) попросить о помощи

d) объяснять проблему

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about a time when you asked for help.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

Ask for help politely.

Explain the problem clearly.

Support a colleague.

Grammar Exercise 2

Don’t ask for help.

Don’t explain the problem.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — a

3 — a

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — c

2 — d

3 — a

4 — b

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

When he cannot solve a problem alone.

He gives details about what he tried and the error.

She provides guidance and explains steps.

Because nobody can do everything alone.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I ask for help when I cannot solve a task.

I explain the problem clearly and listen to guidance.

I try to support a colleague during difficult tasks.

Giving Simple Updates

Word Power

1. report progress

отчёт о прогрессе, информировать о ходе работы

I report progress to my manager every day.

Я ежедневно отчитываюсь о ходе работы перед менеджером.

She reports progress during team meetings.

Она сообщает о прогрессе на командных встречах.

2. be on track

идти по плану, быть в графике

The project is on track.

Проект идёт по плану.

My task is on track for completion.

Моя задача идёт по графику для завершения.

3. highlight issues

выделять проблемы, обращать внимание на трудности

I highlight issues during stand-up meetings.

Я отмечаю проблемы во время ежедневных встреч.

She highlights issues with the database.

Она сообщает о проблемах с базой данных.

4. brief update

короткое обновление, краткий отчёт

I give a brief update at the morning call.

Я даю краткий отчёт на утреннем звонке.

He shares a brief update about his tasks.

Он делится кратким отчётом о своих задачах.

Reading Text

Every day, the IT team has a morning call. The purpose of the call is to give simple updates. Each team member reports progress and highlights issues. The meeting is short, so updates are brief.

Anna is a QA engineer. Today she gives a brief update about her tasks. She says that testing is on track and there are no major issues. Max, a backend developer, reports progress on the API. He highlights issues with the database. The team discusses solutions quickly and plans the next steps.

Giving simple updates helps the team stay informed. When someone is blocked or there is a problem, everyone knows and can help. Team members also see that tasks are on track, which reduces stress.

Everyone in the team likes giving simple updates because the meetings are short and efficient. Even small updates help the team stay connected and organized.

Grammar Focus — Present Simple for Updates

Explanation

Use Present Simple to give regular updates:

routines

facts

current status

Form:

I/You/We/They + verb

He/She/It + verb + s

Examples

I report progress every day.

Я ежедневно отчитываюсь о ходе работы.

She highlights issues with the system.

Она сообщает о проблемах в системе.

The task is on track.

Задача идёт по графику.

We give brief updates at meetings.

Мы даём краткие отчёты на встречах.

Exercise 1

Complete with Present Simple:

I ______ (report) progress daily.

She ______ (highlight) issues in the system.

The task ______ (be) on track.

Exercise 2

Make negative sentences:

He gives a brief update.

They report progress every day.

Check Your Understanding

What does each team member do during the morning call?

Why are updates brief?

What issues did Max highlight?

How do simple updates help the team?

How do you give updates at your work?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Report progress” means:

a) работать медленно

b) сообщать о ходе работы

c) создавать задачу

“Be on track” means:

a) быть в графике

b) заблокировать задачу

c) отложить задачу

“Highlight issues” means:

a) игнорировать проблему

b) выделять проблему

c) завершить задачу

Exercise 2 — Matching

report progress

be on track

highlight issues

brief update

a) короткий отчёт

b) быть в графике

c) сообщать о ходе работы

d) выделять проблемы

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences giving a simple update about your work today.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

report

highlights

is

Grammar Exercise 2

He does not (doesn’t) give a brief update.

They do not (don’t) report progress every day.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — b

2 — a

3 — b

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — c

2 — b

3 — d

4 — a

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

They report progress and highlight issues.

Because the meeting is short.

Database issues.

Everyone knows what is happening and can help.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I give a brief update on my tasks.

I report progress and highlight issues with the system.

The task is on track for completion.

Working in a Team

Word Power

1. collaborate

сотрудничать, работать вместе

We collaborate on projects every week.

Мы сотрудничаем над проектами каждую неделю.

She collaborates with the design team.

Она работает совместно с командой дизайнеров.

2. share ideas

делиться идеями

I share ideas during team meetings.

Я делюсь идеями на командных встречах.

He shares ideas to improve the project.

Он делится идеями, чтобы улучшить проект.

3. give feedback

давать обратную связь

I give feedback on my colleague’s work.

Я даю обратную связь о работе коллеги.

She gives feedback politely and constructively.

Она даёт обратную связь вежливо и конструктивно.

4. respect opinions

уважать мнения других

We respect opinions of all team members.

Мы уважаем мнения всех участников команды.

He respects opinions even if he disagrees.

Он уважает мнения, даже если не согласен.

Reading Text

Working in a team is very common in IT. Teamwork allows people to collaborate, share ideas, and solve problems together. It helps create better solutions than working alone.

Every Monday, the team has a planning meeting. Each member shares ideas about tasks and features. The project manager gives feedback and sets priorities. During the week, team members collaborate on tasks, help each other, and respect opinions.

Anna is a frontend developer. She shares ideas about the design and collaborates with the backend developers. Max gives feedback on her work. They discuss issues politely and respect each other’s opinions.

Working in a team requires communication, listening, and cooperation. Sharing ideas and giving feedback makes work more effective. Respecting opinions creates a positive environment. Team members feel motivated and complete tasks faster when collaboration is strong.

Grammar Focus — «Should» for Advice

Explanation

“Should” is used to give advice or suggestions.

Form:

Subject + should + verb (base form)

Examples

You should share your ideas in meetings.

Тебе следует делиться идеями на встречах.

We should collaborate on difficult tasks.

Нам следует работать вместе над сложными задачами.

She should give feedback politely.

Ей следует давать обратную связь вежливо.

They should respect opinions of all members.

Им следует уважать мнения всех участников.

Exercise 1

Complete the sentences with “should”:

I ______ collaborate with my team.

You ______ share your ideas.

We ______ respect opinions.

Exercise 2

Make negative sentences:

She should give feedback.

They should collaborate.

Check Your Understanding

Why is teamwork important in IT?

How does Anna collaborate with her colleagues?

What role does feedback play in the team?

Why is respecting opinions important?

How do you usually work in a team?

Build Your Vocabulary

Exercise 1 — Multiple Choice

“Collaborate” means:

a) работать вместе

b) игнорировать коллег

c) завершить задачу

“Give feedback” means:

a) давать обратную связь

b) принимать задачу

c) писать код

“Respect opinions” means:

a) слушать и учитывать мнения других

b) критиковать коллег

c) завершить проект

Exercise 2 — Matching

collaborate

share ideas

give feedback

respect opinions

a) делиться идеями

b) сотрудничать

c) уважать мнения

d) давать обратную связь

Exercise 3 — Use It!

Write 2–3 sentences about your experience working in a team.

Use at least two phrases from Word Power.

Answer Key

Grammar Exercise 1

should

should

should

Grammar Exercise 2

She should not (shouldn’t) give feedback.

They should not (shouldn’t) collaborate.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1 — a

2 — a

3 — a

Vocabulary Exercise 2

1 — b

2 — a

3 — d

4 — c

Sample Answers

Check Your Understanding (examples):

It helps solve problems together and create better solutions.

She shares ideas and collaborates with backend developers.

Feedback helps improve work and guide tasks.

It creates a positive and respectful environment.

Student’s own answer.

Use It (example):

I collaborate with my team on all projects.

I share ideas during meetings and give feedback politely.

I respect opinions even if I disagree.

Agile Basics

Word Power

1. sprint

спринт, короткий цикл работы

Our team works in two-week sprints.

Наша команда работает двухнедельными спринтами.

We plan tasks for each sprint.

Мы планируем задачи на каждый спринт.

2. backlog

бэклог, список задач проекта

The backlog contains all tasks for the project.

Бэклог содержит все задачи проекта.

The team reviews the backlog every week.

Команда просматривает бэклог каждую неделю.

3. stand-up

ежедневная короткая встреча

We have a stand-up every morning.

У нас есть ежедневная встреча каждое утро.

During the stand-up, we report progress.

На встрече мы отчитываемся о прогрессе.

4. retrospective

ретроспектива, обсуждение результатов спринта

We discuss problems in the retrospective.

Мы обсуждаем проблемы на ретроспективе.

Retrospectives help improve teamwork.

Ретроспективы помогают улучшить работу команды.

Reading Text

Agile is a popular methodology for software development. It helps teams work efficiently and deliver value quickly. Agile divides work into small cycles called sprints. Each sprint usually lasts one or two weeks.

Before a sprint, the team plans tasks from the backlog. The backlog contains all tasks for the project, prioritized by importance. During the sprint, developers complete tasks and attend daily stand-up meetings. In these meetings, team members report progress, highlight issues, and plan next steps.

At the end of the sprint, the team holds a retrospective. They discuss what went well, what problems appeared, and how to improve. Retrospectives help the team learn and become more efficient.

Agile focuses on teamwork, communication, and flexibility. It allows teams to adapt to changes quickly and keep the project on track. Developers like Agile because it makes work organized, predictable, and collaborative.

Grammar Focus — «There is / There are»

Explanation

Use “there is” / “there are” to talk about existence or presence.

Form:

There is + singular noun

There are + plural noun

Examples

There is a backlog of tasks.

Есть бэклог задач.

There are daily stand-ups every morning.

Каждый день проходят ежедневные встречи.

There is a sprint this week.

На этой неделе есть спринт.

There are retrospectives at the end of each sprint.